Taj Mahal History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography

The Taj Mahal is a masterpiece of Mughal architecture and one of the most renowned monuments globally, celebrated for its stunning beauty and historical significance.

Commissioning and Construction

• Commissioning: The Taj Mahal was ordered to be built by Emperor Shah Jahan in 1632, following the heartbreaking loss of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who passed away while giving birth in 1631.

• Design and Architecture: The Taj Mahal was designed by a team of architects, with Ustad Ahmad Lahori, the emperors court architect, leading the project. The design beautifully blends Persian, Islamic, and Indian architectural styles, creating a unique and stunning masterpiece. The use of white marble and precious stones, along with intricate inlay work and perfectly symmetrical gardens, adds to its grandeur and elegance.

• Construction Timeline: The construction of the Taj Mahal began in 1632 and was largely completed by 1643. However, finishing touches, including the landscaping and additional structures, continued for several years, with the entire project completed in 1653.
• Marble Mausoleum: The central mausoleum is constructed from white marble inlaid with precious and semi-precious stones, forming intricate floral and geometric patterns. The main dome is 35 meters (115 feet) high and is surrounded by four smaller domes.
• Minarets: The use of white marble, precious stones, intricate inlay work and perfectly balanced gardens add to the beauty and charm of the Taj Mahal. They serve both as decorative elements and as functional architectural features to accentuate the central dome.
• Gardens: The Taj Mahal is set within a large Mughal garden, known as a charbagh, which is divided into four main sections by water channels. This layout symbolizes paradise and enhances the mausoleums beauty.
• Reflecting Pool: A large reflecting pool in front of the mausoleum mirrors its image, contributing to the monuments serene and symmetrical aesthetic.
• Shah Jahans Imprisonment: After the completion of the Taj Mahal, Shah Jahan was overthrown by his son, Aurangzeb, in 1658. Shah Jahan was put under house arrest in the Agra Fort during the last years of his life, where he spent the rest of his life. Legend has it that he spent his remaining years gazing at the Taj Mahal from his prison cell.
• Preservation Challenges: The Taj Mahal faced several challenges over the centuries, including environmental pollution, structural damage, and changes in the political climate. During the British colonial period, there were concerns about the preservation of the monument, and some restoration work was undertaken.
• Restoration and Conservation:In the 20th century, many important initiatives and efforts were made to preserve and repair the Taj Mahal. This included cleaning the marble, repairing damage caused by pollution, and implementing measures to protect the monument from environmental harm.
• UNESCO World Heritage Site: In 1983, the Taj Mahal was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its outstanding universal value and architectural brilliance.
• Tourism and Cultural Significance: The Taj Mahal is one of the most visited monuments in the world, attracting millions of tourists each year. It is widely regarded as a symbol of eternal love and a pinnacle of Mughal architecture.
• Preservation Efforts: Ongoing preservation and conservation efforts continue to address the challenges of pollution, climate change, and tourism impact to ensure the Taj Mahals longevity for future generations.
• Symbol of Love: The Taj Mahals association with Shah Jahans love for Mumtaz Mahal has cemented its status as a global symbol of romantic devotion and architectural beauty.
• Influence on Architecture: The Taj Mahal has inspired numerous architectural works and continues to influence design and aesthetics globally.

Best Time to Visit Taj Mahal

1. Weather Considerations:
   • Winter (October to March): This is the best time to visit the Taj Mahal. The weather is cooler and more comfortable, making it ideal for exploring the monument and the surrounding areas. Daytime temperatures are generally pleasant, ranging from 10°C to 30°C (50°F to 85°F).
   • Summer (April to June): Temperatures can be extremely high, often exceeding 40°C (104°F). Visiting during this time can be challenging due to the heat.
   • Monsoon (July to September): While the monsoon season brings cooler temperatures and lush greenery, it also means higher humidity and the possibility of rain. The Taj Mahal can be less crowded during this period, but weather conditions may impact your visit.
2. Time of Day:
   • Early Morning: The Taj Mahal is less crowded early in the morning, especially around sunrise. The soft morning light creates beautiful photographic opportunities, and the cooler temperatures make for a more comfortable visit.
   • Late Afternoon: Visiting in the late afternoon allows you to see the monument in a different light and enjoy the sunset. The crowds may be slightly smaller compared to midday.
3. Special Events and Festivals:
   • Full Moon Nights: The Taj Mahal is open for night viewing during full moon nights, except on Fridays and during the month of Ramadan. This offers a unique and enchanting experience.

Things to Do at Taj Mahal

1. Explore the Mausoleum:
   • Central Chamber: Visit the central chamber to see the intricately decorated cenotaphs of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal. Note that the actual graves are located in a lower chamber and are not open to the public.
   • Interior Decoration: Admire the detailed inlay work of precious stones and the exquisite marble craftsmanship.
2. Stroll Through the Gardens:
   • Charbagh Layout: Walk through the Mughal gardens that surround the Taj Mahal, reflecting the classic charbagh layout. Enjoy the serene environment and the symmetrical design of the gardens.
3. Photograph the Reflection Pool:
   • Reflection Shots: Capture the stunning reflections of the Taj Mahal in the long rectangular pool situated in front of the mausoleum.
4. Visit the Mosques and Guest Houses:
   • Mosque: Explore the mosque located on the west side of the Taj Mahal.
   • Guest House: Check out the guest house situated on the east side, both of which complement the architectural symmetry of the complex.
5. Explore the Taj Mahal Complex:
   • Darwaza-i-Rauza: Enter through the grand red sandstone gateway, known as the Darwaza-i-Rauza, which offers a majestic approach to the Taj Mahal.
   • Museum: Visit the Taj Museum located within the complex to learn more about the history, architecture, and construction of the monument.

Attractions Around the Taj Mahal

1. Agra Fort:
   • Distance: About 2.5 kilometers (1.5 miles) from the Taj Mahal.
   • Description: A UNESCO World Heritage Site and a majestic Mughal fort offering impressive architecture and panoramic views of the Taj Mahal.
2. Mehtab Bagh:
   • Distance: Across the Yamuna River, about 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) from the Taj Mahal.
   • Description: A beautiful garden offering a stunning view of the Taj Mahal from the opposite bank of the Yamuna River, especially popular for sunset views.
3. Itmad-ud-Daulah (Baby Taj):
   • Distance: About 11 kilometers (7 miles) from the Taj Mahal.
   • Description: A mausoleum built for Mirza Ghiyas Beg, the grandfather of Mumtaz Mahal, and often referred to as the Baby Taj due to its similar architectural style.
4. Sikandra:
   • Distance: About 10 kilometers (6 miles) from the Taj Mahal.
   • Description: The tomb of Akbar the Great, known for its beautiful gardens and architectural grandeur.
5. Local Markets and Bazaars:
   • Experience: Explore local markets such as Sadar Bazaar for souvenirs, handicrafts, and traditional Agra products.

Tips for Visiting at Taj Mahal

• Tickets: Purchase tickets in advance if possible, especially during peak tourist seasons.
• Dress Code: Dress modestly and comfortably. There is a security check, so avoid carrying large bags or prohibited items.
• Guides: Consider hiring a local guide to gain deeper insights into the history and significance of the Taj Mahal.

Adventure at Taj Mahal

Here are some adventurous activities and experiences you can explore near the Taj Mahal:

1. Yamuna River Boating: Enjoy a boat ride on the Yamuna River, providing a unique perspective of the Taj Mahal. Early morning or sunset trips are particularly picturesque.
2. Hot Air Balloon Ride: Experience a bird-eye view of the Taj Mahal and Agra from a hot air balloon. This is an incredible way to take in the panoramic beauty of the area.
3. Heritage Walks: Embark on guided heritage walks through the streets of Agra. These walks allow you to explore lesser-known monuments, local markets, and the Mughal architecture surrounding the Taj Mahal.
4. Off-Roading or ATV Rides: For a more adrenaline-filled experience, some places near Agra offer off-roading experiences and ATV rides.
5. Wildlife Safari at Chambal River Sanctuary: A couple of hours from Agra, this sanctuary offers river safaris where you can spot wildlife, including gharials, crocodiles, and various bird species.
6. Cycling Tours: Explore Agra and its surroundings on a cycling tour. You can pedal through the city bustling streets and quieter bylanes, getting a close look at Mughal-era architecture.

 Packing Tips for Taj Mahal

• Comfortable Shoes: You will be walking around the monument and possibly exploring nearby areas, so comfortable shoes are a must.
• Water Bottle: Stay hydrated, especially if you are visiting in summer when temperatures can soar.
• Sunscreen and Hat: Agra can be quite sunny, so pack sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses to protect yourself from the sun.
• Power Bank: Ensure your phone or camera stays charged for photos and navigation by carrying a power bank.
• ID Proof: Always carry identification as it might be required for entry.
• Modest Clothing: Although there is no strict dress code, it is best to wear modest clothing out of respect for the cultural site. Plus, light fabrics like cotton are great for keeping cool.
• Small Snacks: If you are planning long hours of exploration, light snacks like energy bars can be handy.
• Camera/Smartphone: Capture the beauty of the Taj Mahal and its surroundings, but be mindful of camera regulations.

 Budget Estimate for Taj Mahal

• Taj Mahal Entry Fees:
  • Foreign Nationals: ?1,100 (~$14)
  • SAARC/BIMSTEC Nationals: ?540 (~$7)
  • Indian Nationals: ?50 (~$0.60)
  • Additional charge for entry to the main mausoleum: ?200 (~$2.50)
• Food: A budget-friendly meal can cost around ?150-?300 ($2-$4), while a meal at a nice restaurant may cost ?600-?1,200 ($8-$15).
• Local Transport:
  • Auto-rickshaws: ?50-?200 depending on distance.
  • Cab rides within the city: ?300-?500 per trip (~$4-$7).
• Adventure Costs:
  • Yamuna River Boating: ?300-?600 (~$4-$8) per person.
  • Hot Air Balloon Ride: ?12,000-?15,000 (~$150-$190) per person.
  • Heritage Walks: Around ?1,000 (~$12) per person.
• Overall Budget for a Day Trip: ?3,000-?4,500 ($40-$60) depending on your preferences (excluding high-end adventure activities like the hot air balloon ride).

Hidden Gem near Taj Mahal

Mehtab Bagh: This lesser-known garden, located across the Yamuna River, offers a stunning view of the Taj Mahal from a distance. It is a peaceful spot to relax, away from the tourist crowds, and you can take beautiful photos of the Taj, especially during sunrise and sunset. It is also a great location for a quiet picnic.

Mehtab Bagh is often overlooked by tourists, making it an ideal hidden gem for those seeking a serene and unique experience near the Taj Mahal.

Photography at Taj Mahal

•  Allowed Areas:
  • Exterior Photography: Photography is generally allowed in the exterior areas of the Taj Mahal complex, including the gardens, minarets, and reflection pool.
  • Interior Photography: Photography inside the mausoleum (the central chamber housing the cenotaphs) is typically prohibited to protect the site and maintain its sanctity. Always look for signs and follow instructions from authorities.
• Respectful Conduct:
  • Use your camera or smartphone without flash and avoid using tripods or selfie sticks inside the monument.
  • Be mindful of other visitors and avoid blocking pathways or disturbing others.

Entry Fee for Taj Mahal

• Ticket Prices:
  • Foreign Tourists: The entry fee for foreign tourists is approximately USD 15 to USD 20 (prices may vary, so check current rates before your visit). This fee typically includes access to the main mausoleum and the Taj Mahal complex.
  • Indian Citizens: For Indian visitors, the entry fee is significantly lower, around INR 50.
  • Other Charges: There may be additional fees for visiting the main mausoleum, which are often included in the ticket price. Separate fees may apply for night viewing or if you want to take a closer look at certain areas.
• Tickets Purchase: Tickets can be purchased at the Taj Mahal ticket counter, online through the official ASI (Archaeological Survey of India) website, or at authorized travel agents. Online booking is recommended to avoid long queues.

Safety Tips

1. Crowds: The Taj Mahal can get very crowded, especially during peak tourist seasons and festivals. Keep an eye on your belongings and avoid getting separated from your group.
2. Dress Code: Dress modestly and comfortably. While there is no strict dress code, it is respectful to cover your shoulders and knees. Remember that you will need to remove your shoes or use shoe covers when entering the mausoleum.
3. Weather Precautions: Agra can get very hot, especially in summer. Wear sun protection, stay hydrated, and carry water with you. In the winter, mornings can be chilly, so dress in layers.
4. Security Checks: Expect security checks at the entrance, so its a good idea to be ready for them.. Large bags, food items, and certain other items may not be allowed inside.Make sure to follow any instructions given by the security staff.
5. Environmental Concerns: Pollution and environmental factors can affect the monument. Be considerate and avoid touching or leaning against the marble surfaces.

Famous Food near Taj Mahal

1. Petha: A famous Agra sweet made from pumpkin or ash gourd. It comes in various flavors and is a must-try local delicacy.
   • Where to Try: Visit local sweet shops like Petha House or Panchhi Petha.
2. Chaat: Agra offers delicious chaat (street food) including aloo tikki, papdi chaat, and kachori.
   • Where to Try: Local food stalls and markets near the Taj Mahal area.
3. Mughlai Cuisine: Enjoy traditional Mughlai dishes such as biryani, kebabs, and curries at local restaurants.
   • Where to Try: Restaurants like Pinch of Spice and Esphahan (Taj Mahal Palace Hotel) offer excellent Mughlai cuisine.
4. Local Dishes: Try local Agra dishes like dal and roti at eateries around the Taj Mahal.
   • Where to Try: Look for local dhabas or small restaurants for authentic flavors.
5. Lassi: A refreshing yogurt-based drink that is popular in the region.
   • Where to Try: Available at local sweet shops and roadside stalls.

   Restaurants near Taj Mahal

   Agra offers a wide variety of restaurants catering to vegan, vegetarian, and non-vegetarian diets. Here is a list of some popular options across these categories:

   1. Vegan-Friendly Restaurants

   • Bamboo Café
     • Location: Tajganj
     • Known for: Vegan-friendly dishes like vegetable stir-fries, smoothies, and Indian curries. It has a cozy atmosphere with a great view of the Taj Mahal.
   • Café Sheroes Hangout
     • Location: Fatehabad Road
     • Known for: Offering vegan options alongside a great social cause. It is run by acid attack survivors and serves plant-based dishes like salads, sandwiches, and vegetable platters.
   • Good Vibes Café
     • Location: Near Taj Mahal
     • Known for: Vegan-friendly menu including vegetable curries, lentil dishes, and a variety of fresh juices and smoothies.

   2. Vegetarian Restaurants

   • Shankara Vegis Restaurant
     • Location: Tajganj
     • Known for: Traditional vegetarian Indian food. Popular dishes include paneer butter masala, aloo paratha, and dal makhani. It is close to the Taj Mahal, making it a convenient stop.
   • Dasaprakash
     • Location: Gwalior Road
     • Known for: South Indian cuisine with an exclusively vegetarian menu. Famous for its dosas, idlis, and thalis.
   • Jhankar
     • Location: Hotel Howard Plaza
     • Known for: A fine dining experience with a variety of North Indian vegetarian dishes. Recommended for their dal tadka, stuffed naan, and vegetable kebabs.

   3. Non-Vegetarian Restaurants

   • Pind Balluchi
     • Location: Fatehabad Road
     • Known for: Authentic North Indian non-vegetarian food. Must-try dishes include chicken tikka, mutton rogan josh, and butter chicken. The ambiance has a traditional Punjabi touch.
   • Pinch of Spice
     • Location: Fatehabad Road
     • Known for: One of Agra most famous non-vegetarian restaurants offering a range of Mughlai and North Indian dishes. Their kebabs, chicken tandoori, and lamb curry are highly recommended.
   • Jahanpanah
     • Location: Tajganj
     • Known for: Specializing in Awadhi cuisine, this restaurant serves dishes like galouti kebabs, chicken korma, and biryani. It is a great spot for those looking to experience royal Mughlai flavors.