Kodaikanal History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography

Kodaikanal, often referred to as the Princess of Hill Stations, is a picturesque hill station located in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, India. Nestled in the Western Ghats at an altitude of approximately 2,133 meters (7,000 feet), Kodaikanal is renowned for its stunning natural beauty, serene lakes, lush forests, and pleasant climate. Heres a detailed description of what makes Kodaikanal special:

Key Features of Kodaikanal

1. Natural Beauty:
   • Kodaikanal is known for its scenic landscapes, including rolling hills, dense forests, and expansive grasslands. The town is surrounded by serene lakes, waterfalls, and valleys that offer breathtaking views.
2. Climate:
   • Summer: Pleasant temperatures ranging from 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.
   • Winter: Cooler temperatures ranging from 8°C to 17°C (46°F to 63°F). It can get quite chilly, especially at night, so warm clothing is recommended.
   • Monsoon: Heavy rainfall between June and September, which enhances the greenery but may lead to landslides and travel disruptions.
3. Colonial Influence:
   • Kodaikanal retains some colonial charm with its old bungalows, churches, and historic buildings, reflecting its development during the British colonial period.

 History of Kodaikanal

Kodaikanal, often referred to as the Princess of Hill Stations, has a fascinating history that spans several centuries. The towns evolution from a tribal settlement to a prominent hill station reflects a blend of indigenous heritage, colonial influence, and modern development. 

1. Indigenous Inhabitants:
   • Tribal Communities: Before the arrival of the British, the region around Kodaikanal was inhabited by indigenous tribes such as the Todas, Badagas, and Kurumbas. These communities had their own traditional practices, including agriculture and pastoralism, and lived in the region for centuries.
2. Local Name:
   • Meaning: The name Kodaikanal is derived from the Tamil words Kodai (meaning summer) and Kanal (meaning view or lookout). It reflects the hill stations role as a summer retreat with stunning vistas.

Colonial Era

1. Discovery and Development:
   • 1845: Kodaikanal was officially discovered and developed by the British as a hill station. In 1845, the British collector of the nearby town of Palani, E. A. Stone, recognized the potential of Kodaikanal for a summer retreat.
   • 1852: The British began to establish a permanent settlement in Kodaikanal. The areas cool climate and scenic beauty made it an ideal location for a hill station.
2. Establishment of Institutions:
   • Educational Institutions: During the colonial period, several educational institutions were established in Kodaikanal, including Kodaikanal International School (founded in 1901), which is still operational today.
   • Churches and Bungalows: The British built several churches, bungalows, and other colonial-era structures, many of which contribute to the towns historic charm.
3. Tea Plantations:
   • Introduction of Tea Cultivation: The British introduced tea cultivation in Kodaikanal during the late 19th century. The tea estates played a significant role in the local economy and continue to be an important part of the regions agricultural landscape.

Post-Independence Era

1. Post-Independence Developments:
   • 1950s-1960s: After India gained independence in 1947, Kodaikanal continued to develop as a popular tourist destination. The towns colonial charm and natural beauty attracted visitors from across the country and abroad.
   • Urbanization: In the latter half of the 20th century, Kodaikanal saw increased urbanization and infrastructure development. Efforts have been made to balance development with environmental conservation.
2. Tourism Growth:
   • Modern Era: Kodaikanals popularity as a hill station has continued to grow. The town is known for its botanical gardens, serene lakes, and lush green landscapes, which draw tourists seeking relaxation and natural beauty.

Historical Highlights

1. British Influence:
   • Architectural Legacy: The colonial architecture, including churches, bungalows, and government buildings, reflects the British influence and adds to Kodaikanals historical charm.
2. Educational Institutions:
   • Historical Schools: Kodaikanal International School and other educational institutions established during the British era continue to contribute to the towns educational landscape.
3. Tea Estates:
   • Economic Impact: The introduction of tea plantations by the British had a lasting impact on the local economy and landscape. The tea estates remain a significant aspect of Kodaikanals identity.

Best Time to Visit Kodaikanal

1. Summer (March to June):
   • Climate: Pleasant and cool, with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.
   • Activities: Perfect for exploring the outdoors, boating, and enjoying the gardens and lakes.
2. Monsoon (July to September):
   • Climate: Moderate to heavy rainfall, with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 20°C (59°F to 68°F). The region becomes lush and green during this period.
   • Activities: Great for witnessing waterfalls and experiencing the lush greenery. However, be cautious of slippery paths and potential landslides.
3. Winter (October to February):
   • Climate: Cooler temperatures, ranging from 8°C to 17°C (46°F to 63°F). It can get quite chilly, especially at night.
   • Activities: Ideal for sightseeing, nature walks, and enjoying the crisp mountain air. Warm clothing is advisable.

Things to Do in Kodaikanal

1. Boating on Kodaikanal Lake:
   • Description: Enjoy a leisurely boat ride on the star-shaped Kodaikanal Lake. Paddleboats and rowboats are available for rent.
   • Activities: Boating, picnicking by the lakeside, and cycling around the lake.
2. Coakers Walk:
   • Description: A scenic walkway offering panoramic views of the valleys and hills. Its an excellent spot for a leisurely stroll and photography.
   • Length: Approximately 1 km.
3. Dolphins Nose:
   • Description: A rock formation that provides breathtaking views of the surrounding valleys and plains. Named for its resemblance to a dolphins nose.
   • Activities: Trekking and scenic photography.
4. Pillar Rocks:
   • Description: Three massive rock formations offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
   • Activities: Sightseeing and photography.
5. Bear Shola Falls:
   • Description: A picturesque waterfall located about 10 km from Kodaikanal. Its a popular spot for picnicking and nature walks.
   • Activities: Enjoying the natural beauty and relaxing by the falls.
6. Bryant Park:
   • Description: A botanical garden with a variety of flowering plants, including roses and lilies. A serene place for a leisurely walk.
   • Activities: Exploring the gardens and enjoying the colorful blooms.
7. Green Valley View:
   • Description: Offers spectacular views of the lush green valleys and distant mountains.
   • Activities: Sightseeing and photography.
8. Silver Cascade Falls:
   • Description: A beautiful waterfall located on the way to Kodaikanal, cascading down from a height.
   • Activities: Stop for a photo opportunity and enjoy the fresh mountain air.
9. Kodaikanal Solar Observatory:
   • Description: One of the oldest solar observatories in Asia, established by the British. Its a place of scientific interest and historical significance.
   • Activities: Learn about solar research and astronomy.
10. Guna Caves:
    • Description: Also known as the Devils Kitchen, these caves are surrounded by dense forests and offer an adventurous experience.
    • Activities: Exploring the caves and enjoying the natural surroundings.

Attractions in Kodaikanal

1. Kodaikanal Lake:
   • Features: An artificial lake surrounded by greenery, ideal for boating and picnicking.
2. Coakers Walk:
   • Features: A paved walkway with panoramic views of the hills and valleys.
3. Dolphins Nose:
   • Features: A viewpoint offering stunning vistas of the surrounding landscapes.
4. Pillar Rocks:
   • Features: Three towering rock formations with breathtaking views.
5. Bear Shola Falls:
   • Features: A beautiful waterfall set in a lush natural environment.
6. Bryant Park:
   • Features: A well-maintained botanical garden with a diverse range of plants.
7. Green Valley View:
   • Features: A viewpoint offering spectacular views of the green valleys below.
8. Silver Cascade Falls:
   • Features: A picturesque waterfall on the way to Kodaikanal.
9. Kodaikanal Solar Observatory:
   • Features: An important scientific institution with historical significance.
10. Guna Caves:
    • Features: Mysterious caves surrounded by dense forests.

Travel Tips for Kodaikanal

1. Weather Preparation: Dress in layers, especially during the winter months. Carry warm clothing and rain gear if visiting during the monsoon.
2. Advance Booking: Book accommodations and transportation in advance, particularly during peak tourist seasons.
3. Health Precautions: Carry necessary medications, stay hydrated, and be prepared for varying weather conditions.
4. Local Transport: Use local taxis, auto-rickshaws, or hire a car for convenient travel within Kodaikanal and to nearby attractions.

 Adventures in Kodaikanal

• Trekking:
  • Dolphins Nose: A popular trekking route offering stunning views of the valleys.
  • Berijam Lake Trek: A picturesque trek through dense forests leading to a serene lake.
• Boating: Rent a boat on Kodaikanal Lake. You can choose paddle boats, rowboats, or even take a shikara ride.
• Nature Walks: Explore the Coaker Walk, a scenic pedestrian path along the edge of the hills offering breathtaking views.
• Waterfalls: Visit Bear Shola Falls and Silver Cascade Falls for beautiful natural scenery.
• Cycling: Rent a bicycle to explore the picturesque landscapes and winding roads of Kodaikanal.

 Budgeting for Kodaikanal

• Transportation:
  • From Madurai: Buses cost around INR 200-500, while taxis may range from INR 2000-3500.
  • Local Transport: Auto-rickshaws and taxis are available, costing approximately INR 200-700 for short trips.
• Food: Meals at local restaurants typically range from INR 150-500 per person. Fine dining can go up to INR 600-1200.
• Activities: Boating on Kodaikanal Lake costs around INR 100-400 depending on the type of boat. Entry to parks and viewpoints usually costs around INR 20-50.

 Packing Items at Kodaikanal

• Clothing: Light, breathable clothing for daytime; warmer layers for evenings, as it can get chilly.
• Footwear: Comfortable walking shoes or trekking boots for exploring the hilly terrain.
• Accessories: Sunglasses, hats, and sunscreen are essential for daytime activities. Carry a small backpack for day trips.
• Water Bottles: Stay hydrated, especially during outdoor activities.
• Personal Items: A first aid kit, necessary medications, and toiletries.

Hidden Gems at Kodaikanal

• Silent Valley View: A less crowded viewpoint offering breathtaking scenery, perfect for quiet reflection and photography.
• Kodaikanal Solar Observatory: An interesting place to learn about solar studies and enjoy panoramic views of the hills.
• Kukkal Caves: Explore these lesser-known caves for a sense of adventure and stunning views of the surrounding landscape.

Photography in Kodaikanal

1. Best Spots for Photography:
   • Kodaikanal Lake: Captures the serene waters, reflections, and surrounding greenery. Great for early morning or late afternoon shots.
   • Coakers Walk: Offers panoramic views of the valleys and hills. Ideal for capturing sweeping landscape shots.
   • Dolphins Nose: Provides dramatic views of the surrounding plains and hills. Best for wide-angle shots.
   • Pillar Rocks: Excellent for capturing the imposing rock formations against the backdrop of the valley.
   • Bear Shola Falls: Perfect for capturing the cascading water amidst lush greenery.
   • Bryant Park: Great for photographing a variety of colorful flowers and well-maintained gardens.
   • Green Valley View: Offers expansive views of the green valleys, perfect for landscape photography.
2. Photography Tips:
   • Lighting: Early morning and late afternoon provide the best natural light for landscape and nature photography.
   • Equipment: A good zoom lens is useful for capturing distant views, and a wide-angle lens is ideal for landscapes.
   • Respect Nature: Avoid disturbing wildlife and plants. Follow any guidelines provided by local authorities.

Entry Fees for Kodaikanal

1. Kodaikanal Lake:
   • Entry Fee: Approximately ?10 to ?20. Boating fees are additional and vary depending on the type of boat and duration.
2. Coakers Walk:
   • Entry Fee: Around ?10 per person. Fees may vary, so check locally for current rates.
3. Dolphins Nose:
   • Entry Fee: No official entry fee, but local guides may charge a fee for guiding services.
4. Pillar Rocks:
   • Entry Fee: Approximately ?10 per person.
5. Bear Shola Falls:
   • Entry Fee: Typically free, but some areas may charge a nominal fee for maintenance.
6. Bryant Park:
   • Entry Fee: Around ?30 for adults. Fees may vary, so check locally.
7. Green Valley View:
   • Entry Fee: Generally free, though some viewpoints may have a small fee.
8. Silver Cascade Falls:
   • Entry Fee: Typically free, but some areas may charge a nominal fee.
9. Kodaikanal Solar Observatory:
   • Entry Fee: Varies; check locally for current rates and visiting hours.
10. Guna Caves:
    • Entry Fee: Generally free, though some local guides may charge for their services.

Safety Tips for Kodaikanal

1. Weather Conditions:
   • Rainy Season: Be cautious of slippery paths and potential landslides during the monsoon season. Carry appropriate rain gear.
   • Cold Weather: If visiting during winter, wear warm clothing as temperatures can drop significantly.
2. Health Precautions:
   • Altitude: Kodaikanal is situated at a high altitude. Stay hydrated and acclimate to the altitude gradually.
   • Food and Water: Drink bottled or purified water and avoid consuming unclean food to prevent stomach issues.
3. Local Safety:
   • Road Safety: Roads to and within Kodaikanal can be narrow and winding. Drive cautiously or hire a reliable driver.
   • Wildlife: Keep a safe distance from wildlife and avoid feeding or disturbing animals.
4. Travel Safety:
   • Valuables: Secure your belongings and be aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas or local markets.

Famous Food in Kodaikanal

1. Local Delicacies:
   • Homemade Chocolates: Kodaikanal is famous for its artisanal chocolates, available in various flavors and styles. Dont miss out on trying or buying some as souvenirs.
   • Fresh Fruits: The region is known for its fresh fruits like plums, pears, and apples. Enjoy them in their natural form or in local dishes.
2. South Indian Cuisine:
   • Idli, Dosa, and Vada: Traditional South Indian breakfast items served with chutneys and sambar. Popular in many local eateries.
   • Uttapam: A savory pancake with toppings such as onions, tomatoes, and chilies.
3. North Indian Cuisine:
   • Paneer Tikka: Grilled chunks of paneer marinated in spices, commonly found in many restaurants.
   • Butter Chicken: A rich and creamy chicken curry, available in various eateries.
4. Bakeries and Cafes:
   • Local Bakeries: Enjoy freshly baked goods, cakes, and pastries at local bakeries and cafes.
   • Coffee and Tea: Local cafes offer a range of beverages, including freshly brewed coffee and tea.

 Restaurants at Kodaikanal

Vegan and Vegetarian Restaurants

• Astoria Veg Restaurant: Offers a variety of vegetarian and vegan dishes, including South Indian specialties.
• Sivaraj Hotel: Known for its extensive vegetarian menu, serving local and Indian cuisine.
• Ruchi Vegetarian Hotel: Popular for its delicious vegetarian fare and casual ambiance.

Non-Vegetarian Restaurants

• The Royal Tibetan: Famous for its authentic Tibetan cuisine, including momos and thukpa.
• Nahar Sidewalk Café: Offers a range of non-vegetarian dishes, including Indian and continental options.