Nainital History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography

Nainital is a charming hill station located in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand, India. It is known for its picturesque landscape, pleasant climate, and a variety of attractions that make it a popular destination for tourists. Heres a detailed description of Nainital:

Geography and Climate:

• Location: Nainital is situated at an elevation of approximately 2,084 meters (6,837 feet) above sea level, nestled in the outer Himalayas.
• Climate: Nainital enjoys a temperate climate with mild summers, cool winters, and heavy monsoon rains. Summer temperatures range from 10°C to 27°C (50°F to 80°F), while winter temperatures can drop to around -1°C to 15°C (30°F to 59°F). The monsoon season lasts from July to September, bringing lush greenery but also potential landslides and heavy rainfall.

History of Nainital

Nainital, a picturesque hill station in Uttarakhand, India, has a rich and fascinating history that spans from ancient times through the colonial era to the present day. Heres a detailed overview of its historical journey:

Ancient and Mythological History:

1. Mythological Significance:
   • Naini Devi Temple: Nainital is believed to be named after the Naini Devi Temple, which is dedicated to Goddess Naina Devi. According to local legends, the temple is located on the site where the eye (naina) of the goddess Sati fell. This temple is one of the 64 Shakti Peethas, making it an important pilgrimage site.
   • Mythical Lake: The Naini Lake is said to have been formed by the tears of Goddess Sati, adding a mythological dimension to the towns history.
2. Ancient References:
   • Historical Texts: Ancient texts and travelogues from the Hindu and Buddhist periods mention the Kumaon region, but specific references to Nainital are sparse. The area was known to local communities and was traversed by traders and pilgrims.

Colonial Era:

1. British Discovery:
   • Early 19th Century: Nainital gained prominence during the British colonial period. In the early 19th century, British officials and explorers rediscovered the region and recognized its potential as a hill station.
   • 1850s: The British East India Company developed Nainital as a summer retreat. The cool climate and scenic beauty made it an ideal location for British officials to escape the sweltering heat of the Indian plains.
2. Development and Growth:
   • 1850: The establishment of the town began when the British acquired land from the local Rajah and began developing it as a hill station. The construction of roads, buildings, and other infrastructure followed.
   • 1880s: By the late 19th century, Nainital had become a popular destination among British officials and expatriates. The town saw the establishment of colonial-style buildings, churches, and schools.
3. Cultural Impact:
   • Architectural Influence: The colonial influence is evident in many of Nainitals structures, including the Raj Bhavan (Governors House), which was modeled after Buckingham Palace.
   • Educational Institutions: The British established several educational institutions in Nainital, including the prestigious Sherwood College and St. Josephs College.

Post-Independence Era:

1. Post-1947:
   • Independent India: After India gained independence in 1947, Nainital continued to thrive as a popular tourist destination. It retained much of its colonial charm and became a favorite getaway for domestic and international travelers.
   • Uttarakhand State Formation: Nainital is part of the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand, which was carved out of Uttar Pradesh in 2000. The state of Uttarakhand has since worked on preserving Nainitals heritage while promoting tourism and development.
2. Modern Development:
   • Tourism: In recent decades, Nainital has evolved into a prominent tourist destination, with a focus on eco-tourism and sustainable development. The town continues to attract visitors with its natural beauty, historical landmarks, and recreational opportunities.

Cultural and Historical Preservation:

• Conservation Efforts: The local government and various organizations have worked to preserve the historical and cultural heritage of Nainital. Efforts include maintaining colonial-era buildings, protecting natural landscapes, and promoting local traditions and festivals.

Key Historical Sites:

1. Naini Lake: Central to Nainitals history and development, the lake remains a major attraction and a symbol of the town.
2. Naina Devi Temple: An important religious and historical site that links Nainital to ancient mythology and spirituality.
3. Raj Bhavan: The Governors residence, reflecting the colonial architectural style and historical significance of British rule in Nainital.

Best Time to Visit Nainital:

• Summer (March to June): This is the ideal time to visit Nainital. The weather is pleasant with temperatures ranging from 10°C to 27°C (50°F to 80°F). Its perfect for sightseeing, boating, and outdoor activities.
• Monsoon (July to September): The monsoon season brings heavy rainfall, which can cause landslides and make travel challenging. However, the lush greenery during this period can be quite beautiful. Be cautious of road conditions and potential flooding.
• Winter (October to February): Winter temperatures can drop to as low as -1°C (30°F), especially in December and January. If you enjoy cold weather and the chance to see some snowfall, this is a good time to visit. However, be prepared for cold temperatures and possible fog.

Things to Do Nainital:

1. Boating on Naini Lake:
   • Activity: Enjoy a serene boat ride on Naini Lake, which is the heart of Nainital. You can choose between rowing boats and paddle boats.
   • Experience: The lake offers beautiful views of the surrounding hills and is perfect for a relaxing experience.
2. Visit Naina Devi Temple:
   • Activity: Explore this important pilgrimage site dedicated to Goddess Naina Devi. It is located on the northern shore of Naini Lake.
   • Experience: The temple offers stunning views of the lake and is an important cultural and spiritual site.
3. Explore Snow View Point:
   • Activity: Take a cable car ride or hike up to Snow View Point for breathtaking views of the snow-capped peaks of the Himalayas.
   • Experience: The viewpoint offers panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
4. Hike to Tiffin Top (Dorothys Seat):
   • Activity: Trek or take a horse ride to Tiffin Top, a popular viewpoint that provides a panoramic view of Nainital and the surrounding hills.
   • Experience: Its a great spot for a picnic and capturing scenic photographs.
5. Visit the Nainital Zoo:
   • Activity: Spend some time at the Nainital Zoo, which houses various species of animals such as the Bengal tiger, leopard, and Tibetan wolf.
   • Experience: The zoo is located on a hillside and offers a natural habitat for its inhabitants.
6. Walk on Mall Road:
   • Activity: Stroll along Mall Road, which runs parallel to Naini Lake. It is the main commercial area with shops, restaurants, and cafes.
   • Experience: Its a great place to shop for local handicrafts, enjoy local and international cuisine, and soak in the lively atmosphere.
7. Visit Raj Bhavan:
   • Activity: Tour the Governors residence, a colonial-era building modeled after Buckingham Palace.
   • Experience: Explore the well-maintained gardens and learn about the colonial history of Nainital.
8. Explore Lands End:
   • Activity: Visit Lands End, a viewpoint that offers a spectacular view of Naini Lake and the surrounding valleys.
   • Experience: Enjoy the scenic beauty and capture memorable photographs.
9. Discover the Botanical Garden:
   • Activity: Explore the botanical garden in Nainital, which features a diverse collection of plants and trees.
   • Experience: Its a peaceful place for a walk and offers a glimpse into the regions flora.
10. Enjoy a Visit to the High Court of Uttarakhand:
    • Activity: The historic High Court building in Nainital is an interesting site to visit.
    • Experience: The building showcases colonial architecture and is an integral part of Nainitals historical landscape.

Additional Tips for Nainital:

• Accommodation: Nainital offers a range of accommodation options, from luxury hotels and heritage properties to budget guesthouses and homestays. Popular choices include The Manu Maharani, The Naini Retreat, and Shervani Hilltop.
• Travel Essentials: Carry warm clothing if traveling in winter, and be prepared for rain during the monsoon season. Comfortable walking shoes are recommended for exploring the town and nearby trails.
• Local Cuisine: Dont miss out on local Kumaoni dishes and the chance to try some traditional Indian snacks and sweets at local eateries.

Adventure Activities in Nainital

1. Boating on Naini Lake:
   • One of the most iconic experiences in Nainital, boating on Naini Lake offers stunning views of the surrounding hills.
   • Cost: ?200-?500 for a boat ride.
2. Trekking and Nature Walks:
   • Naina Peak (Cheena Peak): The highest point in Nainital, offering panoramic views of the Himalayas and the town below. This 6 km trek is perfect for adventure seekers.
   • Tiffin Top (Dorothy Seat): A 4 km trek from the town center that rewards trekkers with breathtaking views.
   • Snow View Point: Accessible via cable car or by trekking, it offers stunning views of snow-clad peaks.
   • Kilbury and Pangot: Perfect for bird watching and nature enthusiasts.
3. Paragliding:
   • Nainital offers paragliding opportunities in nearby areas like Bhimtal and Naukuchiatal.
   • Cost: ?1,500-?3,000 depending on the duration and altitude.
4. Rock Climbing and Rappelling:
   • Barapathar is a popular spot for rock climbing, offering lessons for beginners and challenges for experienced climbers.
5. Ropeway Ride:
   • A cable car ride from Mallital to Snow View Point provides a bird-eye view of the lake and surrounding hills.
   • Cost: ?300-?500 per person for a round trip.
6. Camping:
   • Campsites in nearby areas like Sattal and Mukteshwar offer great experiences for adventure lovers.

Budget for Nainital Trip

• Accommodation:
  • Budget hotels/guesthouses: ?1,000–?2,500 per night.
  • Mid-range hotels/resorts: ?3,000–?5,000 per night.
  • Luxury hotels/resorts: ?6,000–?15,000 per night.
• Adventure Activities:
  • Boating: ?200–?500.
  • Paragliding: ?1,500–?3,000.
  • Trekking (guided): ?1,000–?2,000.
• Food:
  • Budget meals: ?150–?300 per meal.
  • Mid-range restaurants: ?400–?800 per meal.
  • Fine dining: ?1,000 and above per person.
• Transport:
  • Local taxis or self-driving are popular. Hiring a taxi for a day might cost around ?2,500–?3,500.

Packing Essentials for Nainital

1. Clothing:
   • Light layers for summer and warm clothes for the cooler evenings.
   • Heavy winter clothes, gloves, and thermal wear if visiting during winter.
   • Comfortable trekking shoes and a raincoat if traveling in the monsoon.
2. Essentials:
   • Sunglasses, sunscreen, and a hat for sun protection.
   • A water bottle, power bank, flashlight, and any personal medication.
   • A small backpack for day trips and treks.

Hidden Gems in Nainital

1. Gurney House:
   • The former residence of Jim Corbett, now a private museum with personal belongings of the famous hunter and conservationist.
2. Sattal:
   • A cluster of seven interconnected lakes, less crowded than Nainital, perfect for kayaking, birdwatching, and nature walks.
3. Land’s End:
   • A lesser-known viewpoint offering stunning views of Khurpatal Lake and the surrounding valleys.
4. Kainchi Dham:
   • A peaceful ashram located about 17 km from Nainital, known for its spiritual significance and connection to Neem Karoli Baba, who inspired people like Steve Jobs and Mark Zuckerberg.
5. Astronomical Observatory:
   • Nainital Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES) offers evening sky-watching tours.

Photography at Nainital:

• Best Spots for Photography:
  1. Naini Lake: Capture the tranquil beauty of the lake with its surrounding hills. Early morning or late afternoon provides the best lighting.
  2. Snow View Point: Ideal for panoramic shots of the Himalayan peaks. The view is particularly stunning during clear weather.
  3. Tiffin Top (Dorothys Seat): Offers expansive views of Nainital and the surrounding landscape, perfect for capturing the towns natural beauty.
  4. Lands End: Provides dramatic vistas of the valley and Naini Lake. The viewpoint is excellent for landscape photography.
  5. Botanical Gardens: A great place for photographing a variety of plants and flowers.
  6. Raj Bhavan: The colonial architecture and well-maintained gardens make for interesting historical and architectural shots.
• Photography Tips:
  1. Golden Hours: Aim to shoot during the early morning and late afternoon for the best natural light.
  2. Weather Conditions: Clear days offer the best visibility for capturing distant mountain views. Check the weather forecast before heading out.
  3. Respect Local Customs: When photographing people, especially in religious or private areas, ask for permission.

Entry Fees for Nainital:

• Naini Lake: No entry fee for the lake itself. Charges apply for boat rides, typically around ?200-?400 for a half-hour ride, depending on the type of boat.
• Naina Devi Temple: Free entry.
• Snow View Point: Approximately ?100-?150 for the cable car ride.
• Nainital Zoo: Entry fee is around ?50-?100 per person.
• Raj Bhavan: Entry is usually free, but guided tours may have a nominal fee. Check ahead for tour availability.
• Tiffin Top: No entry fee for the viewpoint, but charges may apply for horse rides or local guides.

Safety Tips for Nainital:

1. Weather Precautions:
   • Be prepared for sudden changes in weather, especially in the monsoon season. Carry rain gear and check weather forecasts before heading out.
2. Altitude and Health:
   • Nainital is at a moderate altitude, so acclimatization is generally not an issue. However, stay hydrated and avoid overexertion.
3. Road Safety:
   • The roads in and around Nainital can be narrow and winding. If driving, proceed cautiously and be aware of local driving conditions.
4. Wildlife Awareness:
   • Be cautious around the Nainital Zoo and other forested areas. Do not disturb wildlife and maintain a safe distance.
5. Avoiding Scams:
   • Use registered taxis and check for reliable accommodation. Be cautious of offers that seem too good to be true, especially from unknown sources.
6. Personal Safety:
   • Stay in well-lit areas at night and be aware of your surroundings. Its advisable to travel with a companion or in a group.
7. Emergency Contacts:
   • Familiarize yourself with local emergency numbers and keep the contact details of your accommodation handy.

Famous Food at Nainital:

1. Local Kumaoni Cuisine:
   • Chana Madra: A traditional Kumaoni dish made from chickpeas cooked with yogurt and spices.
   • Aloo Keema: A flavorful combination of spiced potatoes and minced meat.
2. Indian Favorites:
   • Maggi Noodles: A popular, easy-to-prepare snack among travelers.
   • Paneer Tikka: Grilled paneer marinated in spices, often served in local eateries.
3. Snacks and Sweets:
   • Samosas and Pakoras: Popular Indian snacks that are commonly available in street food stalls.
   • Ras Malai: A sweet dish made from milk, sugar, and cardamom, typically found in local restaurants and sweet shops.
4. Beverages:
   • Masala Chai: Traditional spiced tea that is widely enjoyed in Nainital.
   • Local Juices: Fresh fruit juices, especially those made from apples and other local fruits, are refreshing and popular.
5. Western and Continental Options:
   • Many cafes and restaurants in Nainital offer continental dishes, including sandwiches, pasta, and pastries.

Trekking in Nanital

Nainital, surrounded by lush forests and hills, offers several trekking opportunities for adventure enthusiasts. Here are some notable trekking areas and routes in and around Nainital:

1. Naina Peak (China Peak):

• Distance: Approximately 6 km (3.7 miles) from Nainital.
• Duration: 2 to 3 hours (one way).
• Difficulty Level: Moderate.
• Description: Naina Peak is the highest point in Nainital, offering panoramic views of the Himalayan ranges and the surrounding landscape. The trek starts from the Nainital Zoo area and winds through dense forests.
• Highlights: Beautiful views of the snow-capped peaks, lush greenery, and the town of Nainital.

2. Tiffin Top (Dorothys Seat):

• Distance: Around 4 km (2.5 miles) from Nainital.
• Duration: 1 to 2 hours (one way).
• Difficulty Level: Easy to moderate.
• Description: Tiffin Top, also known as Dorothys Seat, is a popular viewpoint accessible via a scenic trek or horse ride. The path is well-marked and leads to a vantage point with stunning views of Nainital and the surrounding hills.
• Highlights: Expansive views of the Nainital town, the surrounding hills, and a chance to enjoy a picnic.

3. Snow View Point:

• Distance: Approximately 2 km (1.2 miles) from Nainital.
• Duration: 30 minutes to 1 hour (one way).
• Difficulty Level: Easy.
• Description: Though Snow View Point is more accessible by a cable car, there are trekking routes to this location. It provides panoramic views of the snow-clad peaks of the Himalayas.
• Highlights: Breathtaking views of the snow-covered peaks, and a chance to enjoy the lush forest surroundings.

4. Kilbury:

• Distance: About 12 km (7.5 miles) from Nainital.
• Duration: 4 to 5 hours (one way).
• Difficulty Level: Moderate.
• Description: Kilbury is known for its dense forests and bird-watching opportunities. The trek takes you through lush greenery and offers views of the Kumaon hills.
• Highlights: Bird-watching, serene natural surroundings, and tranquil environment.

5. Naukuchiatal:

• Distance: Around 25 km (15.5 miles) from Nainital.
• Duration: 5 to 6 hours (one way).
• Difficulty Level: Moderate to challenging.
• Description: The trek to Naukuchiatal, a serene lake situated at an altitude of 1,220 meters (4,000 feet), passes through beautiful forests and offers scenic views of the surrounding areas.
• Highlights: Views of Naukuchiatal Lake, peaceful surroundings, and a chance to explore nearby villages.

6. Sattal:

• Distance: About 23 km (14 miles) from Nainital.
• Duration: 4 to 5 hours (one way).
• Difficulty Level: Moderate.
• Description: Sattal is a cluster of seven interconnected lakes surrounded by dense forests. The trek takes you through picturesque trails and offers beautiful views of the lakes and surrounding hills.
• Highlights: Scenic lakes, lush forest trails, and opportunities for bird-watching.

7. Ranikhet:

• Distance: Approximately 50 km (31 miles) from Nainital.
• Duration: Varies based on the route and destination.
• Difficulty Level: Varies from easy to moderate.
• Description: Ranikhet offers several trekking routes through the lush Kumaon hills and forests. Popular trails include those leading to the Jhula Devi Temple and the ancient temples around Ranikhet.
• Highlights: Historical temples, scenic views of the Himalayas, and charming local culture.

General Trekking Tips:

1. Prepare Properly: Wear comfortable trekking shoes, carry a water bottle, and pack essentials like a first-aid kit, snacks, and weather-appropriate clothing.
2. Check Weather Conditions: Weather in the mountains can be unpredictable. Check the forecast before starting your trek.
3. Hire a Guide: If you are unfamiliar with the area or new to trekking, consider hiring a local guide or joining a trekking group.
4. Respect Nature: Follow the Leave No Trace principles, respect wildlife, and avoid littering.
5. Stay Hydrated and Energized: Drink plenty of water and carry high-energy snacks to maintain your energy levels.

Vegan, Vegetarian, and Non-Vegetarian Restaurants at Nainital

1. Vegan/Vegetarian Restaurants:
   • Sakley Restaurant: Famous for its continental vegetarian dishes, including vegan options.
   • Chandni Chowk: A great vegetarian spot serving North Indian street food-style dishes.
2. Non-Vegetarian Restaurants:
   • Embassy Restaurant: A popular choice for non-vegetarian meals, offering Indian, Chinese, and continental options.
   • Uttaranchal Restaurant: Known for its non-veg specialties like chicken curry and mutton rogan josh.
3. Multi-Cuisine Options:
   • Machan: Offers a mix of Indian, Chinese, and continental dishes, with both vegetarian and non-vegetarian choices.
4. Cafe Lakeside:
   • A cozy spot by the lake, serving Italian, continental, and Indian dishes with vegan options.