Backwaters of Alleppey History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography

The backwaters of Alleppey, also known as Alappuzha, are a renowned network of interconnected canals, lakes, rivers, and lagoons in the southern Indian state of Kerala. This region is celebrated for its picturesque landscapes, unique aquatic ecosystem, and traditional houseboat cruises. Heres a detailed description of the backwaters of Alleppey:

Natural Beauty and Geography:

• Scenic Landscape: The backwaters of Alleppey are a serene and enchanting labyrinth of waterways surrounded by lush green palm groves, rice paddies, and traditional Kerala village life. The tranquil waters reflect the vibrant greenery and offer a stunning contrast to the tropical setting.
• Waterways: The backwaters consist of a complex network of rivers, canals, and lakes, with the Vembanad Lake being the largest and most prominent. These waterways provide a natural route for transportation and contribute to the regions distinctive charm.
• Biodiversity: The backwaters support a diverse range of flora and fauna, including various species of birds, fish, and aquatic plants. The ecosystem is vital for sustaining local wildlife and maintaining ecological balance.

Cultural and Traditional Aspects:

• Houseboat Cruises: One of the most popular ways to explore the backwaters is by taking a houseboat cruise. These traditional boats, known as kettuvallams, have been converted into floating hotels equipped with modern amenities. Cruising through the backwaters allows visitors to experience the local way of life, observe traditional fishing methods, and enjoy the stunning scenery.
• Local Life: The backwaters are integral to the daily life of the local communities. Villagers use boats for transportation, fishing, and agricultural activities. Visitors can observe traditional practices, such as toddy tapping and coir making, which are important to the regions economy and culture.
• Festivals and Events: The backwaters are also a venue for cultural events and festivals. The annual Nehru Trophy Boat Race, held on the Punnamada Lake, is a major attraction, featuring traditional boat races with colorful, ornately decorated vessels.

The history of the backwaters of Alleppey (Alappuzha) is a fascinating tapestry woven from natural evolution, cultural development, and socio-economic changes. Heres an overview of the key historical aspects of this unique region:

1. Ancient Origins:

• Geological Formation: The backwaters of Alleppey are part of the larger Vembanad Lake system and have evolved over thousands of years through the interaction of river systems and coastal sedimentation. The regions waterways are influenced by the Kerala coastline, shaped by both fluvial and marine processes.

2. Historical Development:

• Early Settlements: The backwaters have been inhabited for centuries, with early settlers utilizing the waterways for transportation, trade, and agriculture. The regions fertile land and abundant water resources made it ideal for rice cultivation and other agricultural activities.
• Dutch Influence: In the 17th century, the Dutch East India Company established trading posts in Kerala, including in Alleppey. The Dutch influence led to the construction of various infrastructure projects, including the development of canals for transportation and irrigation.
• British Colonial Period: During the British colonial period, the backwaters and the port of Alleppey became significant for trade and commerce. The British administration continued the development of the canal system for trade and transportation purposes, enhancing connectivity between the inland areas and the coast.

3. Economic and Social Development:

• Rice Cultivation: The backwaters have long been integral to the regions rice cultivation. The intricate system of canals and paddy fields allowed for efficient irrigation, leading to the flourishing of rice agriculture, which remains a vital part of the local economy.
• Coir Industry: The production of coir (coconut fiber) has been a significant industry in Alleppey. The backwaters and coastal areas provided the raw materials and transportation routes for coir production, which has been an important source of livelihood for local communities.
• Houseboat Tradition: The traditional houseboat, or kettuvallam, originally served as a cargo boat for transporting rice and other goods. Over time, these boats were converted into floating homes for tourists, offering a unique way to experience the backwaters and local life.

4. Modern Era:

• Tourism Development: The backwaters of Alleppey gained prominence as a tourist destination in the late 20th century. The scenic beauty, unique ecosystem, and cultural heritage attracted visitors from around the world. The development of houseboat tourism became a significant part of the local economy, creating new opportunities for employment and economic growth.
• Environmental and Conservation Efforts: In recent decades, there has been increasing awareness of the need to preserve the delicate ecosystem of the backwaters. Efforts have been made to address environmental issues, including pollution and habitat degradation, to ensure the sustainable management of this valuable natural resource.
• Cultural Significance: The backwaters continue to play a crucial role in the cultural identity of Kerala. Traditional festivals, boat races (such as the Nehru Trophy Boat Race), and local customs are celebrated along the waterways, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of the region.

Key Historical Points:

• Dutch and British Colonial Influence: Both colonial powers significantly impacted the development of the backwaters and their infrastructure.
• Rice and Coir Industries: Historical industries such as rice cultivation and coir production have been central to the local economy.
• Evolution of Houseboats : The transformation of traditional cargo boats into tourist houseboats represents a unique aspect of the regions modern history.

Best Time to Visit the Backwaters of Alleppey:

The ideal time to visit the backwaters of Alleppey is during the winter months, from November to February. During this period, the weather is pleasant and relatively dry, with cooler temperatures that make exploring and cruising more comfortable. The summer months (March to May) can be quite hot and humid, while the monsoon season (June to September) brings heavy rainfall, which, although it enhances the lush green scenery, can also make travel challenging.

Things to Do and Attractions:

1. Houseboat Cruises:
   • Experience: A houseboat cruise is the quintessential way to explore the backwaters. These traditional boats, known as kettuvallams, have been converted into luxurious floating accommodations.
   • Duration: Cruises can range from a few hours to several days, offering various options depending on your time and interest.
   • Highlights: Enjoy scenic views of lush landscapes, traditional villages, and local wildlife while dining on freshly prepared Kerala cuisine.
2. Village Tours:
   • Experience: Take guided tours of nearby villages to get a glimpse into the local way of life. Visit traditional homes, markets, and witness daily activities such as coir making and toddy tapping.
   • Highlights: These tours provide a deeper cultural understanding and opportunities to interact with local residents.
3. Bird Watching:
   • Experience: The backwaters are a haven for bird enthusiasts. The rich ecosystem attracts a variety of bird species, including kingfishers, herons, and egrets.
   • Best Spots: Areas around the backwaters and Vembanad Lake are prime locations for bird watching.
4. Fishing:
   • Experience: Engage in traditional fishing techniques with local fishermen. This can be a unique way to experience the local culture and learn about traditional methods of fishing.
   • Highlights: Try your hand at catching fish using traditional nets and tools.
5. Visit to Nehru Trophy Boat Race:
   • Experience: If visiting in August, you can witness the famous Nehru Trophy Boat Race held on Punnamada Lake.
   • Highlights: This annual event features colorful, decorated longboats and is a major cultural and sporting event in the region.
6. Ayurvedic Treatments:
   • Experience: Kerala is renowned for its Ayurvedic wellness practices. Many resorts and houseboats offer Ayurvedic treatments and spa services.
   • Highlights: Enjoy relaxing massages, herbal treatments, and rejuvenation therapies based on traditional Ayurvedic principles.
7. Explore Kumarakom:
   • Experience: Located near Alleppey, Kumarakom is another beautiful backwater destination with its own attractions, including bird sanctuaries and scenic lakes.
   • Highlights: A visit to Kumarakom can complement your trip to Alleppey and offer additional exploration opportunities.
8. Local Markets and Shopping:
   • Experience: Explore local markets in Alleppey for handicrafts, coir products, spices, and traditional Kerala artifacts.
   • Highlights: Markets such as the Alleppey Main Market offer a vibrant shopping experience.

Travel Tips for Backwaters of Alleppey:

• Advance Booking: Book houseboat cruises and accommodations well in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons, to secure the best options.
• Weather Preparation: Prepare for the climate by bringing lightweight, breathable clothing for the warmer months and layers for cooler evenings. If traveling during the monsoon, pack waterproof gear.
• Health and Safety: Stay hydrated and use mosquito repellent, as the backwaters can be a breeding ground for insects. Make sure to carry any personal medications you may need.
• Local Etiquette: Dress modestly when visiting local villages and seek permission before taking photographs.

Adventures at Backwaters of Alleppey

1. Houseboat Cruises: Experience the serene backwaters on a traditional houseboat. Overnight cruises are popular.
2. Kayaking: Rent a kayak to explore the quieter waterways and get up close with nature.
3. Village Tours: Take a guided tour of local villages to see traditional lifestyles and crafts.
4. Fishing: Try your hand at fishing with local fishermen.
5. Cycling: Explore the scenic paths and roads around the backwaters.

Budget for Backwaters of Alleppey

• Accommodation: Houseboat rates range from ?3,000 to ?15,000 per night depending on luxury and season. Affordable hotels typically cost ?1,000 to ?3,000.
• Food: Expect to spend around ?200 to ?700 per meal, depending on the restaurant and type of cuisine.
• Activities: Houseboat rentals start at ?5,000 for a day; kayaking rentals can be around ?500.

Packing Items for Backwaters of Alleppey

• Clothing: Light, breathable clothing; consider a raincoat if visiting during the monsoon.
• Footwear: Comfortable sandals or water shoes.
• Accessories: Sunscreen, insect repellent, sunglasses, and a hat.
• Hiking Gear: A small backpack for day trips, a reusable water bottle, and a camera.

Hidden Gems at Backwaters of Alleppey

1. Kuttanadu: Explore this lesser-known area known for its rice paddies and stunning views.
2. Marari Beach: A tranquil beach nearby, perfect for a quiet retreat.
3. Local Temples: Visit small, lesser-known temples for a glimpse of local culture.
4. Art Galleries: Look for local art galleries showcasing traditional Kerala art.

Photography at Backwaters of Alleppey:

Best Times for Photography:

• Golden Hours: Early morning and late afternoon provide the best light for capturing the tranquil beauty of the backwaters. Sunrise and sunset offer soft, warm lighting and stunning reflections on the water.
• Weather Conditions: Clear, sunny days are ideal for vivid and sharp photos, while the monsoon season can create dramatic, misty landscapes.

Tips for Photography:

• Equipment: A camera with a good zoom lens is beneficial for capturing distant scenes and wildlife. A tripod can help stabilize your shots, especially in low light conditions.
• Composition: Focus on capturing reflections in the water, traditional houseboats , and local life. Including elements such as palm trees and local fishing methods can enhance your images.
• Respect Privacy: Always ask for permission before photographing people, particularly in local villages.

Entry Fee for Backwaters of Alleppey:

For Backwaters Tour:

• Houseboat Cruises: There is no specific entry fee for the backwaters themselves, but houseboat cruises can vary widely in cost based on the type of boat, duration, and amenities. Prices can range from INR 5,000 to INR 25,000 per day or more for luxury options.
• Local Tours: Village tours and other excursions may have their own fees, typically included in tour packages or arranged separately.

Additional Fees:

• Photography Permits: While photography permits are generally not required for most areas, certain locations or festivals may have specific rules. Always check local guidelines.

Safety Tips:

1. Water Safety:
   • Ensure that your houseboat is equipped with safety gear such as life jackets. Follow all safety instructions provided by the crew.
   • Be cautious when on small boats or near the water, particularly if traveling with children.
2. Health Precautions:
   • Hydration: Drink plenty of bottled water to stay hydrated, especially in hot weather.
   • Mosquito Protection: Use insect repellent to protect yourself from mosquito-borne diseases. Wearing long sleeves and trousers can also help.
   • Food Safety: Eat at reputable restaurants or houseboats that maintain high standards of hygiene.
3. Weather Awareness:
   • Be prepared for sudden weather changes, especially during the monsoon season. Carry rain gear and check weather forecasts before your trip.
4. Respect Local Customs:
   • Dress modestly when visiting local villages and ask for permission before taking photos of people or their property.
   • Follow local guidelines and respect cultural practices.
5. Emergency Contacts:
   • Keep emergency contact numbers handy, including local medical facilities and your accommodation.

Famous Food at Backwaters of Alleppey:

Local Cuisine:

1. Daal Bhat: A traditional meal consisting of lentil soup (daal) served with rice (bhat), often accompanied by vegetable curry and pickles.
2. Sadhya: A lavish vegetarian feast served on a banana leaf, featuring an array of dishes such as rice, sambar (lentil stew), avial (mixed vegetable curry), and payasam (sweet pudding).
3. Fish Curry: Kerala is famous for its spicy fish curries made with fresh, locally caught fish and flavored with coconut, tamarind, and a blend of spices.
4. Appam with Stew: Appam is a type of fermented rice pancake, often served with a stew made of vegetables or meat in a coconut milk base.
5. Puttu and Kadala: Puttu is a steamed rice cake typically served with Kadala (black chickpea curry), a popular breakfast dish in Kerala.
6. Karimeen Pollichathu: A specialty fish dish where pearl spot fish is marinated in spices, wrapped in banana leaves, and grilled or baked.

Snacks and Desserts:

• Banana Chips: Crisp, fried banana slices seasoned with salt and spices.
• Payasam: A traditional dessert made from rice, milk, and sugar, often flavored with cardamom and garnished with nuts and raisins.

Restaurants at Backwaters of Alleppey

• Vegan/Vegetarian:
  • Sreepathi Restaurant: Known for its traditional Kerala vegetarian dishes.
  • The Rice Boat: Offers a variety of vegan and vegetarian options with views of the backwaters.
• Non-Vegetarian:
  • Hotel Raama: Famous for its local seafood and Kerala-style non-veg dishes.
  • Café Diner: Offers a mix of Indian and continental dishes, with great seafood options.