Shimla History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography

Shimla, the capital of Himachal Pradesh, India, is a charming hill station nestled in the western Himalayas. Known for its colonial architecture, pleasant climate, and scenic beauty, Shimla has been a popular tourist destination for decades.

Geography and Climate

• Location:
  • Shimla is situated approximately 220 kilometers (137 miles) north of Delhi and 115 kilometers (71 miles) from Chandigarh. It lies at an altitude of about 2,200 meters (7,217 feet) above sea level.
• Climate:
  • Summer (March to June): The weather is mild and pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F). This is the peak tourist season.
  • Monsoon (July to September): Shimla experiences moderate to heavy rainfall during the monsoon, which makes the region lush and green but can lead to occasional landslides and travel disruptions.
  • Winter (October to February): Winters can be cold, with temperatures ranging from -2°C to 8°C (28°F to 46°F). Snowfall is common, especially in the higher regions, making it a favorite time for snow lovers.

Ancient and Medieval History

• Early Settlements:
  • Shimlas history dates back to ancient times, though there is limited documentation about its early settlements. The region was traditionally inhabited by local tribes and communities who practiced agriculture and animal husbandry.
• Historical References:
  • The area around Shimla is mentioned in ancient texts, including the Puranas and Mahabharata, where it is associated with the mythology and legends of the region. However, concrete historical records are scarce.

Colonial Era

• British Discovery:
  • Early 19th Century: Shimla was discovered by the British in the early 19th century. In 1819, the British East India Company recognized Shimlas potential as a summer retreat due to its cool climate and picturesque surroundings. It began to develop as a hill station and administrative center.
• Development:
  • 1830s: The British established the first bungalows and public buildings in Shimla. The town gradually developed into a popular destination for British officers and officials escaping the heat of the Indian plains.
  • 1864: Shimla was officially declared the summer capital of British India by the Viceroy, Lord Dufferin. This decision led to significant development and expansion, with the construction of several important buildings, roads, and infrastructure.
• Architectural Influence:
  • The British colonial period saw the construction of several notable structures, including the Viceregal Lodge (now known as Rashtrapati Niwas), Christ Church, and various colonial-style buildings along the Mall Road. These buildings reflect the British architectural influence on Shimla.

Post-Independence Era

• After 1947:
  • Independence: After India gained independence in 1947, Shimla continued to serve as the summer capital of Himachal Pradesh. It retained its significance as a popular tourist destination and a prominent administrative center.
  • State Capital: Shimla was officially established as the capital of Himachal Pradesh when the state was formed in 1971.
• Modern Developments:
  • Tourism Growth: In the latter half of the 20th century and into the 21st century, Shimlas status as a tourist destination continued to grow. It attracted visitors for its pleasant climate, scenic beauty, and colonial heritage.
  • Infrastructure: The city has seen various modernizations and infrastructure developments, including improved road connectivity, transportation services, and tourist facilities.

Cultural and Political Significance

• Cultural Hub:
  • Shimla has been a melting pot of cultures and traditions, influenced by its colonial past, local Himachali customs, and the diverse backgrounds of its residents and visitors.
• Political History:
  • Shimla Conference: One of the significant political events in Shimlas history was the Shimla Conference of 1945, where British and Indian leaders discussed post-war plans and the future of British India.
• Local Administration:
  • The city continues to be an important administrative and political center for Himachal Pradesh, housing the state government offices and various other administrative departments.

Key Historical Sites

• Viceregal Lodge (Rashtrapati Niwas):
  • Description: Built in 1888, this grand building served as the summer residence of the British Viceroys. It is now a museum showcasing the history and heritage of Shimla.
• Christ Church:
  • Description: Completed in 1857, this church is one of the oldest in North India and is known for its neo-Gothic architecture and stained glass windows.
• Mall Road:
  • Description: This central road is lined with colonial-era buildings and shops. It remains a focal point of Shimlas social and commercial life.
• Jakhoo Temple:

Description: An ancient temple dedicated to Lord Hanuman, it is believed to be the site where Hanuman rested during the search for Sita in the Ramayana.

Best Time to Visit Shimla

1. Summer (March to June):
   • Weather: Pleasant and mild, with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F). This is the peak tourist season due to the comfortable weather.
   • Activities: Ideal for sightseeing, outdoor activities, and exploring the towns colonial architecture.
2. Monsoon (July to September):
   • Weather: Moderate to heavy rainfall, with lush greenery and cooler temperatures. However, heavy rains can cause landslides and disrupt travel.
   • Activities: The monsoon season offers a quieter experience with fewer tourists. Its a good time to enjoy the lush, green landscapes and experience the natural beauty of Shimla.
3. Winter (October to February):
   • Weather: Cold, with temperatures ranging from -2°C to 8°C (28°F to 46°F). Snowfall is common in higher altitudes, which adds to the charm of the region.
   • Activities: Ideal for snow activities and enjoying the winter scenery. Its also a popular time for honeymooners and those who enjoy cold weather and snow.

Things to Do in Shimla

1. Mall Road:
   • Description: The heart of Shimla, lined with shops, restaurants, and colonial buildings. Its a bustling area ideal for shopping, dining, and people-watching.
   • Activities: Strolling, shopping for souvenirs, and sampling local cuisine.
2. Ridge Road:
   • Description: An open space offering panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. Its a popular spot for photography and leisurely walks.
   • Activities: Enjoying the view, visiting historical landmarks like Christ Church and the Gaiety Theatre, and attending local events.
3. Jakhoo Temple:
   • Description: A temple dedicated to Lord Hanuman, situated on Jakhoo Hill, the highest point in Shimla. It offers stunning views of the town and surrounding landscape.
   • Activities: Hiking up the hill, exploring the temple, and taking in the views.
4. Kufri:
   • Description: A small hill station about 16 kilometers (10 miles) from Shimla, known for its adventure activities and scenic beauty.
   • Activities: Horse riding, skiing (in winter), visiting the Himalayan Nature Park, and enjoying panoramic views.
5. Chadwick Falls:
   • Description: A picturesque waterfall located about 7 kilometers (4 miles) from Shimla, surrounded by dense forests.
   • Activities: Photography, nature walks, and enjoying the serene environment.
6. Summer Hill:
   • Description: A scenic spot offering panoramic views of the valley and hills, located about 5 kilometers (3 miles) from Shimla.
   • Activities: Relaxing, photography, and enjoying the peaceful atmosphere.
7. Tara Devi Temple:
   • Description: Situated on Tara Devi Hill, this temple is dedicated to Goddess Tara and offers panoramic views of Shimla and the surrounding area.
   • Activities: Visiting the temple, exploring the surroundings, and enjoying the views.
8. Shimla State Museum:
   • Description: A museum showcasing artifacts, sculptures, and artwork related to Himachal Pradeshs history and culture.
   • Activities: Exploring exhibits, learning about local history and culture.
9. Viceregal Lodge (Rashtrapati Niwas):
   • Description: An architectural marvel built in 1888, which served as the summer residence of British Viceroys. It now functions as a museum.
   • Activities: Touring the historic building, learning about its history, and exploring the gardens.
10. Annandale:
    • Description: A large open ground about 4 kilometers (2.5 miles) from Shimla, which was once used for sports and games by the British.
    • Activities: Enjoying recreational activities, picnicking, and taking in the expansive views.

Nearby Attractions of Shimla

1. Chail:
   • Distance: About 45 kilometers (28 miles) from Shimla.
   • Attractions: Known for its scenic beauty, the Chail Palace, and the worlds highest cricket ground.
2. Solan:
   • Distance: About 50 kilometers (31 miles) from Shimla.
   • Attractions: Famous for its temples, monasteries, and the Solan Brewery.
3. Naldehra:
   • Distance: About 22 kilometers (14 miles) from Shimla.
   • Attractions: Known for its golf course and scenic beauty.

Travel Tips for Shimla

• Weather Preparation:
  • Winter: Pack warm clothing, including thermal wear, jackets, gloves, and hats. Snow boots are essential if you plan to engage in snow activities.
  • Summer: Light clothing and sun protection are recommended. The weather can be warm during the day but cooler in the evenings.
• Traffic and Parking:
  • Shimlas narrow roads can be congested, especially during peak tourist seasons. Consider using public transport or hiring a local taxi.
• Permits:
  • Generally, no special permits are required for tourism in Shimla, but its always good to check if you plan to visit specific restricted areas or locations.
• Health and Safety:
  • Altitude: Although Shimla is not at a very high altitude, be aware of your health and ensure you stay hydrated.
  • Food and Water: Drink bottled or purified water and eat freshly prepared food to avoid foodborne illnesses.

  Adventures at Shimla

  1. Trekking: Explore trails like the Jakhoo Hill trek or the trek to Hatu Peak.
  2. Mountain Biking: Rent a bike and ride through the scenic hills.
  3. Paragliding: Experience the thrill of paragliding in nearby areas like Kufri.
  4. Camping: Enjoy camping in places like Mashobra or Narkanda.
  5. Skiing: In winter, Kufri offers skiing opportunities.

  Budget for Shimla

  • Accommodation: Expect to spend Rs 1,000 to Rs 3,000 for affordable hotels. Luxury hotels range from RS 5,000 to RS 15,000 per night.
  • Food: Budget around ?300 to ?700 per meal.
  • Activities: Trekking is generally free; paragliding costs around Rs 2,000-Rs 3,000.

  Packing Items at Shimla

  • Clothing: Layered clothing (t-shirts, sweaters, jackets), comfortable shoes for trekking.
  • Accessories: Sunglasses, sunscreen, and a hat.
  • Hiking Gear: A daypack, water bottle, snacks, and trekking poles (if needed).
  • Medical Kit: Basic first-aid supplies and any personal medications.

  Hidden Gems at Shimla

  1. Chail Palace: A beautiful palace surrounded by forests, perfect for a quiet day.
  2. Mashobra: A serene village away from the crowds, great for nature walks.
  3. Kufri Fun World: An amusement park in Kufri, less crowded and full of activities.
  4. Annandale: A hidden spot with lush greenery and a small museum.

   

Photography at Shimla

• Photography Spots:
  • Mall Road: Ideal for capturing the hustle and bustle of Shimlas central area and its colonial architecture.
  • Ridge Road: Offers stunning panoramic views of the surrounding mountains and valleys.
  • Jakhoo Temple: Provides scenic views of Shimla and excellent opportunities for capturing the landscape.
  • Kufri: Great for nature and adventure photography, with beautiful vistas and snow-covered landscapes in winter.
  • Chadwick Falls: Perfect for capturing natural beauty and serene environments.
  • Summer Hill and Tara Devi Temple: Both offer picturesque views of the valley and the surrounding landscape.
• Photography Tips:
  • Lighting: Early mornings and late afternoons provide the best natural lighting for outdoor photography.
  • Weather: Be prepared for changing weather conditions, especially if youre shooting in high altitudes or during the monsoon.
  • Equipment Protection: Carry protective gear for your camera equipment, especially if youre visiting during the rainy season or in snow.

Entry Fee for Shimla

• Viceregal Lodge (Rashtrapati Niwas):
  • Fee: Approximately Rs 50 for Indians and Rs 100 for foreign tourists. Charges may vary, so check in advance.
• Shimla State Museum:
  • Fee: Typically around RS 50 for Indian tourists and RS 100 for foreign tourists.
• Jakhoo Temple:
  • Fee: Generally free to enter, though donations are appreciated. Photography inside the temple may have a nominal fee.
• Kufri:
  • Fee: Entry to the general area is free, but adventure activities and the Himalayan Nature Park may have separate charges.
• Chadwick Falls:
  • Fee: Usually free, but some local guides may charge for guided tours.
• Christ Church:
  • Fee: Usually free, but donations are encouraged.
• Mall Road:
  • Fee: No entry fee; its a public area.

Safety Tips for Shimla

1. Weather Conditions:
   • Winter: Be prepared for cold temperatures and possible snow. Dress warmly and wear appropriate footwear for icy conditions.
   • Monsoon: Roads can be slippery and prone to landslides. Avoid traveling on slippery paths and check weather conditions before heading out.
2. Altitude Sickness:
   • Although Shimla is not at a very high altitude, those sensitive to altitude changes should stay hydrated and avoid overexertion.
3. Road Safety:
   • Driving: If youre driving, be cautious of narrow and winding roads. Ensure your vehicle is in good condition and carry emergency supplies.
   • Public Transport: Use reliable and safe public transport options. Taxis and buses are generally safe, but check the credibility of operators.
4. Wildlife and Nature:
   • Animals: Avoid feeding or approaching wild animals. Respect their space and follow local guidelines.
5. Health Precautions:
   • Food and Water: Drink bottled or purified water and eat from reputable places to avoid foodborne illnesses.
6. Emergency Services:
   • Medical Facilities: Know the locations of the nearest hospitals or clinics in case of emergencies.

Famous Food at Shimla

1. Chana Madra:
   • Description: A traditional Himachali dish made from chickpeas cooked in a yogurt-based gravy with spices. Its typically served with rice or bread.
2. Siddu:
   • Description: A type of steamed bread made from wheat flour and filled with a mixture of lentils, nuts, and spices. Its commonly enjoyed with ghee or chutney.
3. Babru:
   • Description: A type of deep-fried bread stuffed with black gram (urad dal) and spices. Its similar to kachori and is a popular snack.
4. Tandoori Chicken:
   • Description: Marinated chicken cooked in a tandoor (clay oven), resulting in a smoky flavor. Its a popular dish in North Indian cuisine.
5. Ghee Roast:
   • Description: Dishes prepared with ghee (clarified butter) are common, adding a rich flavor to various preparations, including vegetables and meat.
6. Momos:
   • Description: Tibetan-style dumplings filled with meat or vegetables, either steamed or fried. Momos are a popular street food in Shimla.
7. Thukpa:
   • Description: A noodle soup with vegetables and meat, influenced by Tibetan cuisine. Its a hearty dish, especially in colder weather.
8. Apple Cider and Fresh Apples:
   • Description: Shimla is known for its apple orchards. You can enjoy fresh apples and locally made apple cider.

   Restaurants at Shimla

   • Vegan/Vegetarian:
     • Cafe Simla Times: Offers a variety of vegan and vegetarian options.
     • The Restaurant at The Oberoi Cecil: Fine dining with vegetarian dishes.
   • Non-Vegetarian:
     • Baljees Restaurant: Known for its local Himachali cuisine.
     • Wake & Bake Cafe: Great for breakfast and serves both vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes.