Jagannath Temple History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography

The Jagannath Temple is an important Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath, a form of Vishnu–one of the trinity of supreme divinity in Hinduism. It is located in Puri in the state of Odisha, situated on the eastern coast of India. As per temple records, King Indradyumna of Avanti built the main temple of Jagannath at Puri. The present temple was rebuilt from the tenth century onwards, on the site of the pre-existing temples in the compound, but not the main Jagannath temple, and begun by Anantavarman Chodaganga, the first king of the Eastern Ganga dynasty. Many of the temple rituals are based on Oddiyana Tantras which are the refined versions of Mahayana Tantras as well as Shabari Tantras which are evolved from Tantric Buddhism and tribal beliefs respectively. The local legends link the idols with aboriginal tribes and the daitapatis (servitors) claim to be descendants of the aboriginals. The temple is one of the 108 Abhimana Kshethram of the Vaishnavite tradition.

Historical and Mythological Background

1. Mythological Significance:

• Deity Worship: Lord Jagannath is worshipped as a form of Lord Krishna and is considered a representation of Krishna in his most universal form. The deitys name, Jagannath, means Lord of the Universe.
• Mythological Origins: According to local legends, the deity was originally worshipped in Dvaraka, Krishnas kingdom, and later was brought to Puri. Another legend suggests that the deity appeared to King Indradyumna in a dream, instructing him to build the temple.

2. Historical Background:

• Temple Construction: The Jagannath Temple was originally constructed in the 12th century by King Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty. The temple has been expanded and renovated over the centuries.
• Historical Events: The temple has seen various historical events, including invasions and renovations. The temples current structure reflects its long history and cultural evolution.

Architecture and Features

**1. Temple Structure:

• Main Shrine: The temple complex is dominated by the main shrine, which houses the deities of Lord Jagannath, his siblings Balabhadra and Subhadra, and various other deities.
• Ratha Yatra Chariots: The Rath Yatra features three large chariots, each representing one of the deities. These chariots are made of wood and are decorated elaborately for the festival.

**2. Unique Features:

• The Deities: The deities of Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra are made of wood and are replaced every 12-19 years in a ritual known as Nava Kalevara. The wooden idols are elaborately decorated and are placed on the chariots during the Rath Yatra.
• No Eyes: The deity of Jagannath is famously depicted with large, round eyes but lacks traditional features like hands and legs, which is a symbolic representation of the deitys universal and cosmic nature.
• Ananda Bazaar: The temple complex includes a marketplace known as Ananda Bazaar, where various offerings and food items are sold.

Pilgrimage and Activities

**1. Rath Yatra:

• Festival: The Rath Yatra, or chariot festival, is the most famous event associated with Jagannath Temple. It usually takes place in June or July and involves the grand procession of the deities on huge chariots. The festival attracts millions of pilgrims and tourists from around the world.
• Procession: During the festival, the deities are taken out of the temple and paraded through the streets of Puri on the chariots, which are pulled by thousands of devotees.

**2. Daily Rituals:

• Puja and Aarti: The temple performs various rituals and ceremonies throughout the day, including morning and evening aartis (devotional songs and offerings), which are open to devotees and visitors.

**3. Pilgrim Attractions:

• Sudarshan Suna: A sacred weapon associated with Lord Jagannath, often depicted in temple artwork and carvings.
• Katha: Listening to the religious narratives and stories related to Lord Jagannath and other deities is a significant activity for pilgrims.

Best Time to Visit Jagannath Temple

**1. Peak Pilgrimage Season (June to October):

• Rath Yatra (June-July): The best time to visit Jagannath Temple is during the Rath Yatra, the grand chariot festival held in June or July. This festival is the most significant event at the temple, attracting millions of devotees and tourists. The vibrant processions, massive chariots, and spiritual fervor make this a unique time to experience the temples atmosphere.
• Weather: The weather during these months is relatively pleasant, though it can be humid. The monsoon season starts around June, bringing rain and cooling the temperatures.

**2. Off-Season (November to March):

• Weather: The winter months (November to March) offer cooler and more comfortable weather for visiting the temple. Daytime temperatures are mild, making it an excellent time for sightseeing.
• Festivals: Other important festivals, such as the Jagannath Temples annual festivals like Snana Yatra (Bathing Festival) and Devotee Festivals, are celebrated during this period, offering a unique cultural experience.

**3. Avoid Summer (April to May):

• Heat: Summer months (April to May) can be extremely hot and humid, with temperatures rising above 40°C (104°F). This can make visiting the temple less comfortable.

Things to Do at Jagannath Temple

**1. Participate in Rath Yatra:

• Chariot Festival: If you visit during the Rath Yatra, witnessing or participating in the chariot procession is a must. The deities are paraded through the streets of Puri on massive, ornately decorated chariots, creating a colorful and lively spectacle.

**2. Explore Temple Rituals:

• Daily Puja and Aarti: Attend the daily rituals, including the morning and evening aartis, to experience the temples spiritual ambiance. The rituals are elaborate and offer insights into traditional practices.

**3. Visit the Main Shrine:

• Darshan: The main shrine houses the deities Lord Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra. A visit to the shrine to offer prayers and seek blessings is central to the pilgrimage experience.

**4. Explore the Temple Complex:

• Ananda Bazaar: Visit the Ananda Bazaar within the temple complex where various offerings and local snacks are sold. Its a bustling area where you can experience the local flavor and culture.
• Sudarshan Suna: Observe the sacred weapon associated with Lord Jagannath, which is often depicted in temple carvings and artwork.

**5. Take a Tour of Puri:

• Beaches: Enjoy the nearby Puri Beach for relaxation and scenic views.
• Local Markets: Explore local markets for souvenirs, traditional handicrafts, and local cuisine.

Attractions Near Jagannath Temple

**1. Konark Sun Temple:

• UNESCO World Heritage Site: Located about 35 kilometers (22 miles) from Puri, this temple is renowned for its intricate carvings and architectural grandeur.

**2. Chilka Lake:

• Natural Beauty: Approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) from Puri, Chilka Lake is a brackish lagoon known for its bird-watching opportunities and boat rides.

**3. Puri Beach:

• Relaxation: The beach offers a pleasant environment for relaxation and is popular among tourists for its scenic beauty.

**4. Raghurajpur Art Village:

• Cultural Experience: Situated about 10 kilometers (6 miles) from Puri, this village is known for its traditional Pattachitra paintings and handicrafts.

Tips for Visiting Jagannath Temple

**1. Dress Code:

• Modesty: Dress modestly when visiting the temple. Traditional Indian attire is recommended. Avoid wearing shorts or sleeveless tops.

**2. Entry Rules:

• No Entry Fee: There is generally no entry fee to the temple, but donations are welcomed.
• Photography: Photography is usually restricted inside the temple premises. Check the specific rules at the temple before taking photos.

**3. Crowds and Timing:

• Plan Ahead: The temple can be very crowded, especially during festivals. Visit early in the morning or late in the evening to avoid peak times.
• Timing: The temple is open throughout the day with specific hours for various rituals and activities. Verify the timings before planning your visit.

**4. Health and Safety:

• Hydration: Carry water and stay hydrated, especially if you are visiting during the hotter months.
• Travel Insurance: Consider having travel insurance that covers health issues and emergencies.

Adventures at Jagannath Temple

1. Beach Activities:
   • Puri Beach: Enjoy water sports, camel rides, and beach volleyball.
   • Sunset Views: The beach offers stunning sunsets—ideal for photography.
2. Temple Exploration:
   • Temple Architecture: Marvel at the intricate carvings and unique architecture of the Jagannath Temple.
   • Rath Yatra: If visiting during this festival, witness the grand chariot festival.
3. Nearby Attractions:
   • Konark Sun Temple: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, about 35 km away.
   • Chilika Lake: Visit for bird watching and boating, about 100 km from Puri.

Budget for Jagannath Temple

• Entry: Free entry to the temple, but donations are welcome.
• Food: Local meals range from ?100-?500 depending on the place and dish.
• Transportation: Local transportation (auto-rickshaws) costs around ?50-?200 for short distances.

Packing Items for Jagannath Temple

• Clothing:
  • Modest attire suitable for temple visits (long pants and sleeves).
  • Light, breathable clothing due to humid weather.
• Footwear:
  • Comfortable sandals or slippers, as shoes are not allowed inside the temple.
• Accessories:
  • Sunglasses and a hat for sun protection.
  • A reusable water bottle to stay hydrated.
• First Aid Kit: Basic medications, antiseptics, and any personal medicines.

Hidden Gems at Jagannath Temple

• Sakhigopal Temple: A beautiful temple located about 20 km from Puri, less crowded and peaceful.
• Bedi Hanuman Temple: A unique temple by the sea with fewer tourists.

Photography at Jagannath Temple

**1. Photography Restrictions:

• Inside the Temple: Photography is generally prohibited inside the Jagannath Temple to maintain the sanctity of the space and avoid disturbing worshippers. This restriction includes both the interior of the temple and the main deities.
• Outside the Temple: You can photograph the exterior of the temple and its surroundings. The temples architecture and the large chariots during the Rath Yatra are popular subjects for photography.

**2. Best Spots for Photography:

• Temple Exterior: Capture the grand entrance and architectural details of the temple from the outside.
• Rath Yatra: If visiting during the Rath Yatra, take photos of the colorful chariots and the festive atmosphere, but be respectful of the crowd and local customs.

Entry Fee for Jagannath Temple

**1. Temple Entry:

• No Entry Fee: There is no entry fee to visit Jagannath Temple. Pilgrims and tourists can enter the temple complex without charge. Donations are welcomed and can be made at designated places.

**2. Special Areas:

• Fees for Special Access: There might be fees for special darshans (viewings) or access to specific areas within the temple, such as VIP areas, but these are not typical for general visitors.

Safety Tips for Jagannath Temple

**1. Crowd Management:

• Peak Times: The temple can get very crowded, especially during festivals like Rath Yatra. Be mindful of your belongings and stay close to your group.
• Security Checks: Be prepared for security checks when entering the temple. Follow instructions from temple authorities and security personnel.

**2. Health Precautions:

• Hydration: Carry bottled water to stay hydrated, particularly if you are visiting during the hot months.
• Comfortable Clothing: Wear comfortable and modest clothing suitable for the weather and the temples religious environment.

**3. Personal Safety:

• Avoid Scams: Be cautious of individuals offering unsolicited assistance or services. Use reputable sources for guidance and support.
• Beware of Pickpockets: Like any crowded place, watch out for pickpockets. Keep your valuables secure and be aware of your surroundings.

**4. Respect Local Customs:

• Dress Code: Follow the dress code by wearing modest clothing. Cover your shoulders and legs as a sign of respect.
• Behavior: Maintain a respectful demeanor, avoid loud conversations, and follow the temples rules and guidelines.

Famous Food at Jagannath Temple

**1. Mahaprasad:

• Temple Offering: One of the most famous offerings at Jagannath Temple is the Mahaprasad, which is sacred food offered to the deities and then distributed to devotees. It is prepared in the temple kitchen and is known for its unique taste and preparation methods.
• Varieties: Mahaprasad typically includes dishes like rice, dal (lentil curry), vegetable curries, and sweets such as khiri (a type of rice pudding). The food is prepared using traditional methods and is considered highly auspicious.

**2. Local Street Food:

• Chaat: Various types of chaat (spicy snacks) can be found in the markets around the temple.
• Puri and Bhaji: Traditional Puri (deep-fried bread) served with bhaji (vegetable curry) is a popular choice among visitors.
• Sweets: Local sweets like rasgulla and sandesh are commonly available and are a good way to enjoy local flavors.

**3. Ananda Bazaar:

• Market: The Ananda Bazaar inside the temple complex offers various snacks and prasad. Its a vibrant area where you can sample local cuisine and buy offerings to take home.

Restaurants at Jagannath Temple

1. Vegan/Vegetarian:
   • Govinda Restaurant: Offers pure vegetarian meals, with a focus on local cuisine.
   • Brahmananda Dharmasala: Known for its simple, traditional vegetarian meals.
2. Non-Vegetarian:
   • New Lighthouse Restaurant: Offers a variety of seafood and local dishes.
   • The Restaurant: Serves non-veg options with a view of the beach.