Jain Temple History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography

Madhya Pradesh (MP) is home to several significant Jain temples, known for their stunning architecture and historical importance. Here is a description of some prominent Jain temples in the region:

1. Bawangaja Temple

• Location: Barwani district
• Highlights:
  • Main Attraction: The temple is renowned for its 84-feet tall statue of Lord Rishabhdev, the first Tirthankara. Carved out of a single rock, it is one of the largest stone statues in the world.
  • Architecture: The temple is perched on a hill and showcases a blend of architectural styles, with intricate carvings and a peaceful ambiance.
  • Significance: It is a major pilgrimage site for Jains and attracts thousands of devotees, especially during festivals.

2. Sonagiri

• Location: Datia district, near Gwalior
• Highlights:
  • Main Attraction: Sonagiri is a complex of temples, with around 77 temples spread over a hill. The white marble structures create a mesmerizing sight against the natural landscape.
  • Architecture: The temples are simple yet elegant, featuring white domes and spires. The complex is a significant spiritual site for Jain monks who come here for penance and meditation.
  • Significance: It is believed that King Nanganag Kumar and millions of others attained Moksha (liberation) here.

3. Khajuraho Jain Temples

• Location: Chhatarpur district
• Highlights:
  • Main Attraction: Part of the famous Khajuraho Group of Monuments, the Jain temples here, like the Parshvanatha Temple, showcase exquisite carvings depicting various aspects of Jain mythology and daily life.
  • Architecture: These temples are built in the Nagara style, known for their ornate details, tall spires, and intricate sculptures. The temples blend spirituality with artistic expression.
  • Significance: These temples are UNESCO World Heritage Sites and are admired for their historical and cultural value.

4. Pawapuri Tirtha

• Location: Katangi, near Jabalpur
• Highlights:
  • Main Attraction: The temple is dedicated to Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara. It is known for its serene environment and religious importance.
  • Architecture: The temple complex features beautifully designed halls, shrines, and a large central statue of Lord Mahavira. The architecture reflects traditional Jain styles with modern influences.
  • Significance: It is an important pilgrimage site, especially during major Jain festivals.

5. Kundalpur Jain Tirtha

• Location: Near Damoh district
• Highlights:
  • Main Attraction: Kundalpur is a significant Jain pilgrimage site with over 60 temples, including the main temple dedicated to Lord Adinath, the first Tirthankara.
  • Architecture: The temples are adorned with intricate carvings and are set amidst lush green surroundings, offering a peaceful retreat for devotees.
  • Significance: It is one of the most revered sites for Jains in Madhya Pradesh, attracting pilgrims from across the country.

These temples not only serve as spiritual hubs but also as monuments of India is rich cultural and architectural heritage. Each temple has its own unique story, adding to the diverse tapestry of Jainism in Madhya Pradesh.

The Jain temples in Madhya Pradesh have a rich history that spans several centuries, reflecting the deep roots of Jainism in the region. Here an overview of the historical background of some of these significant temples:

1. Bawangaja Temple

• Historical Background:
  • The Bawangaja Temple, located in the Barwani district, is believed to have been established around the 12th century. The temple complex was developed during the Paramara dynastys rule, a time when Jainism flourished in the region.
  • The 84-feet tall statue of Lord Rishabhdev, also known as Adinath, was carved out of a single rock. This statue is considered one of the tallest in the world and symbolizes the importance of the first Tirthankara in Jainism.
  • Over the centuries, the temple has been a significant pilgrimage site for Jains and has undergone various renovations to maintain its grandeur.

2. Sonagiri

• Historical Background:
  • The history of Sonagiri as a Jain pilgrimage site dates back to at least the 9th-10th century CE, during the reign of the Chandela dynasty. The Chandela rulers were great patrons of Jainism and commissioned many temples in the region.
  • The cluster of temples on the Sonagiri hill was built gradually over several centuries. Each temple in the complex was constructed by different patrons, including kings, wealthy merchants, and local communities.
  • Sonagiri is also associated with Jain legends, particularly the story of King Nanganag Kumar, who is said to have attained liberation (Moksha) here, inspiring millions to seek spiritual salvation.

3. Khajuraho Jain Temples

• Historical Background:
  • The Jain temples of Khajuraho were built during the reign of the Chandela dynasty between the 10th and 12th centuries. The Chandelas were known for their devotion to both Hinduism and Jainism, as seen in the temples they commissioned.
  • The Parshvanatha Temple, the largest of the Jain temples at Khajuraho, was constructed in the mid-10th century and is dedicated to Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara. It is considered one of the finest examples of Nagara-style architecture.
  • The temples are famous for their intricate carvings that depict Jain mythology, celestial beings, and scenes from everyday life. The artistry of these temples has made them a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

4. Pawapuri Tirtha

• Historical Background:
  • Pawapuri Tirtha in Katangi, near Jabalpur, is a relatively modern addition compared to other ancient Jain temples. It was established in the early 20th century by Jain philanthropists.
  • The temple is dedicated to Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, and has become a significant pilgrimage site for Jains, especially during major festivals like Mahavir Jayanti.
  • The site was chosen for its serene environment, making it an ideal place for meditation and spiritual practice.

5. Kundalpur Jain Tirtha

• Historical Background:
  • Kundalpur Jain Tirthas history is linked to ancient Jain traditions, with the main temple dedicated to Lord Adinath (Rishabhdev), the first Tirthankara, being established in the early medieval period.
  • The site has been a center of Jain worship for centuries, and the existing temple complex is the result of numerous renovations and expansions carried out by Jain devotees over time.
  • Kundalpur is also known for its association with Acharya Shantisagar, a revered Jain monk who spent significant time at this site, further enhancing its spiritual importance.

General Historical Context of Jain Temples in Madhya Pradesh

• Madhya Pradesh has been a significant region for the development of Jainism, especially during the medieval period. The influence of Jainism grew under the patronage of various dynasties, including the Chandelas, the Paramaras, and the Bundelas.
• These dynasties not only supported the construction of temples but also promoted Jain art, literature, and education. The Jain communities, particularly wealthy merchants and traders, played a crucial role in the establishment and upkeep of these temples.
• The temples have withstood the test of time, surviving invasions, and natural calamities, thanks to the devotion of the Jain community and the efforts to preserve their cultural heritage.

The history of these Jain temples in Madhya Pradesh is a testament to the enduring legacy of Jainism in the region, reflecting the religious, cultural, and architectural contributions of this ancient faith.

Visiting Jain temples in Madhya Pradesh offers not only spiritual enrichment but also a chance to explore the regions cultural and natural beauty. Heres a guide on the best time to visit, things to do, and attractions near some of the key Jain temples:

1. Bawangaja Temple

• Best Time to Visit:
  • October to March: The weather is pleasant during these months, making it ideal for climbing the hill to the temple and exploring the surrounding area.
• Things to Do:
  • Trek to the Temple: Enjoy a scenic trek to the temple, which is located on a hill. The climb offers breathtaking views of the Narmada Valley.
  • Attend Religious Ceremonies: Participate in various religious ceremonies, especially during Jain festivals like Paryushan and Mahavir Jayanti.
  • Explore the Surroundings: Visit nearby spots like Rajghat and the Narmada River for a tranquil experience.
• Attractions Nearby:
  • Barwani: A small town near Bawangaja, known for its scenic beauty and historical significance.
  • Narmada River: A holy river in Hinduism and Jainism, offering picturesque views and a peaceful ambiance.

2. Sonagiri

• Best Time to Visit:
  • October to March: The cooler months are perfect for exploring the temple complex without the discomfort of extreme heat.
• Things to Do:
  • Temple Tour: Visit the 77 temples spread across the hill. Each temple has its own unique features and spiritual significance.
  • Meditation and Penance: Sonagiri is a popular site for Jain monks and devotees seeking penance and meditation. The serene environment is perfect for introspection.
  • Festivals: Attend religious festivals and events, especially during the months of Kartik (October/November) when the temple sees a surge in devotees.
• Attractions Nearby:
  • Datia Palace: A magnificent palace known for its architectural splendor, located about 15 km from Sonagiri.
  • Gwalior: Explore the historical city of Gwalior, famous for its fort, museums, and palaces, located about 60 km from Sonagiri.

3. Khajuraho Jain Temples

• Best Time to Visit:
  • October to February: The weather is cool and comfortable, perfect for exploring the temples and attending the Khajuraho Dance Festival in February.
• Things to Do:
  • Temple Tour: Explore the Parshvanatha Temple and other Jain temples within the Khajuraho complex. Admire the intricate carvings and learn about the history and mythology depicted in the sculptures.
  • Attend the Khajuraho Dance Festival: Held in February, this festival showcases classical Indian dance forms in the backdrop of the illuminated temples.
  • Photography: The temples offer incredible opportunities for photography, especially during sunrise and sunset.
• Attractions Nearby:
  • Western Group of Temples: The famous Hindu temples of Khajuraho, known for their erotic sculptures, are located nearby and are a must-visit.
  • Raneh Falls: A beautiful natural waterfall located about 20 km from Khajuraho, ideal for a day trip.

4. Pawapuri Tirtha

• Best Time to Visit:
  • November to March: The weather is mild and suitable for temple visits and outdoor activities.
• Things to Do:
  • Temple Visit: Spend time in the tranquil atmosphere of the temple, participate in rituals, and meditate.
  • Attend Festivals: Visit during Jain festivals like Mahavir Jayanti to witness special celebrations.
• Attractions Nearby:
  • Jabalpur: Explore the city of Jabalpur, known for the Marble Rocks at Bhedaghat, Dhuandhar Falls, and the ancient Madan Mahal Fort.
  • Madan Mahal Fort: A historical fort in Jabalpur offering panoramic views of the city.

5. Kundalpur Jain Tirtha

• Best Time to Visit:
  • October to March: The weather is pleasant, making it easier to explore the temples and the surrounding area.
• Things to Do:
  • Temple Visit: Explore the main temple dedicated to Lord Adinath and other smaller temples in the complex. Participate in religious ceremonies and rituals.
  • Spiritual Retreat: Kundalpur is a peaceful place for meditation and spiritual retreats.
• Attractions Nearby:
  • Damoh: A nearby town known for its historical and cultural significance.
  • Panna National Park: Located about 100 km away, this national park is home to tigers, leopards, and other wildlife. Ideal for a day trip.

General Tips for Visiting Jain Temples in Madhya Pradesh:

• Respect Dress Code: Jain temples typically require modest clothing. Avoid wearing leather items, and ensure you dress conservatively.
• Follow Rituals: Be mindful of temple rituals and customs, such as removing shoes before entering the temple premises.
• Stay Hydrated: Especially if visiting during the warmer months, carry water to stay hydrated during temple tours and treks.

Visiting Jain temples in Madhya Pradesh offers a blend of spiritual, historical, and cultural experiences, making it a rewarding journey for travelers and pilgrims alike.

Adventures

1. Trekking and Hiking:
   • Explore the scenic hills surrounding the temple complex, especially the Vindhya Range. Trails are available for varying fitness levels.
2. Photography:
   • The intricate architecture and beautiful landscapes offer great opportunities for photography, especially during sunrise and sunset.
3. Cultural Exploration:
   • Attend rituals and ceremonies if you are interested in Jain traditions. Interact with locals to understand their customs and beliefs.
4. Pilgrimage Tours:
   • Participate in organized tours that explore other nearby Jain temples, like Kundalpur and Sonagiri.

Budget

• Transportation:
  • Local Transport: Auto-rickshaws and taxis are available. Local fares range from ?100 to ?300 depending on distance.
• Entry Fees:
  • Many Jain temples do not charge an entry fee, but donations are appreciated.
• Food:
  • Meals at local eateries generally range from ?100 to ?500, depending on the restaurant type.

Packing Items

1. Clothing:
   • Modest Attire: Comfortable and respectful clothing suitable for temple visits.
   • Footwear: Comfortable walking shoes or sandals.
2. Essentials:
   • Sunscreen and Sunglasses: Protect yourself from the sun.
   • Insect Repellent: Useful for outdoor activities.
3. Personal Medications:
   • Bring necessary medications and a basic first-aid kit.
4. Water Bottle:
   • Stay hydrated, especially during outdoor activities.
5. Camera/Smartphone:
   • For capturing the stunning architecture and landscapes.

Hidden Gems

1. Kundalpur:
   • The birthplace of Lord Mahavira, located nearby, offers additional spiritual experiences.
2. Sonagiri:
   • A group of ancient Jain temples situated on a hill, ideal for a day trip.
3. Local Handicrafts:
   • Explore local markets for unique handicrafts and Jain artifacts.

1. Bawangaja Temple

Photography

• Allowed Areas: Photography is generally permitted in the outdoor areas and around the statue of Lord Rishabhdev. The majestic 84-feet tall statue offers excellent photographic opportunities.
• Restricted Areas: Inside the sanctum sanctorum and during certain religious ceremonies, photography may be prohibited. Always look for signage or ask temple authorities for guidance.
• Tips:
  • Capture the statue from various angles to showcase its grandeur against the backdrop of the hills.
  • Early morning and late afternoon provide the best natural lighting for photography.
  • Respect the privacy and sanctity of devotees engaged in prayer.

Safety Rules

• Trekking Precautions:
  • The temple is situated atop a hill, requiring a steep climb of approximately 1,000 steps.
  • Wear comfortable and sturdy footwear suitable for hiking.
  • Stay hydrated and carry water bottles, especially during warmer months.
  • Elderly visitors or those with health issues should ascend slowly and take breaks as needed.
• Behavioral Etiquette:
  • Maintain silence and respect the peaceful environment.
  • Avoid littering; use designated trash bins to keep the premises clean.
  • Follow instructions provided by temple authorities and volunteers.

Entry Fees

• Admission: There is no entry fee to visit Bawangaja Temple. Donations are welcomed and contribute to the maintenance of the temple.
• Parking: Minimal parking charges may apply if you are traveling by private vehicle.
• Guided Tours: Local guides may offer their services for a fee, providing historical insights and assistance during the trek.

Famous Food

• Local Delicacies:
  • Dal Bafla: A traditional dish similar to Dal Bati, served with ghee and spicy lentil curry.
  • Bhutte ka Kees: Grated corn cooked with spices and milk, a specialty of the region.
  • Jalebi and Poha: A popular breakfast combination, with sweet jalebis and flattened rice cooked with onions and spices.
• Nearby Eateries:
  • Small eateries and dhabas near the base of the hill serve vegetarian food adhering to Jain dietary practices.
  • It is advisable to carry snacks and water, as options might be limited at the top.

2. Sonagiri

Photography

• Allowed Areas: Photography is allowed throughout most of the temple complex, capturing the stunning white temples spread across the hill.
• Restricted Areas: Inside certain temples or during specific rituals, photography may be restricted. Respect any signage indicating no-photography zones.
• Tips:
  • The collective view of numerous white temples against the blue sky makes for spectacular shots.
  • Sunrise and sunset offer magical lighting conditions for photography enthusiasts.
  • Use wide-angle lenses to capture the expansive layout of the temple complex.

Safety Rules

• Hill Climbing:
  • The complex involves ascending numerous steps; wear comfortable footwear.
  • Be cautious during the monsoon season as steps may become slippery.
  • Elderly and physically challenged visitors should plan accordingly, as some temples are accessible only by foot.
• Temple Etiquette:
  • Dress modestly, covering shoulders and knees.
  • Remove footwear before entering each temple.
  • Do not disturb monks and devotees engaged in meditation and rituals.
  • Refrain from consuming food and beverages within temple premises.

Entry Fees

• Admission: Visiting Sonagiri temples is free of charge.
• Parking: Nominal parking fees may be applicable for vehicles.
• Donations: Voluntary contributions are appreciated and help in the upkeep of the temples.

Famous Food

• Local Cuisine:
  • Kachori and Samosa: Popular fried snacks served with chutneys.
  • Malpua: A sweet delicacy made of flour, milk, and sugar syrup.
  • Sabudana Khichdi: A dish made from tapioca pearls, commonly eaten during fasting periods.
• Dining Options:
  • Langars (community kitchens) often serve simple vegetarian meals to pilgrims.
  • Nearby towns like Datia and Gwalior offer a variety of restaurants serving regional and North Indian cuisine.

3. Khajuraho Jain Temples

Photography

• Allowed Areas: Photography is widely permitted, and the temples are a photographers delight due to their intricate carvings and architectural brilliance.
• Restricted Areas: Some inner sanctums may restrict flash photography to preserve the artwork.
• Tips:
  • Utilize natural light to highlight the detailed sculptures.
  • Experiment with close-up shots to capture the fine details of carvings.
  • Night photography can be rewarding as some temples are beautifully illuminated after dusk.

Safety Rules

• General Precautions:
  • Stay within designated pathways to protect both visitors and the ancient structures.
  • Beware of uneven surfaces and steps; wear appropriate footwear.
  • Protect yourself from the sun by wearing hats and applying sunscreen during daytime visits.
• Respect for Heritage:
  • Do not touch or deface the carvings and sculptures.
  • Follow instructions from security personnel and guides.
  • Maintain cleanliness; dispose of waste in proper bins.

Entry Fees

• Admission:
  • Indian Nationals: Approximately INR 40 per person.
  • Foreign Nationals: Approximately INR 600 per person.
  • Children (below 15 years): Free entry.
  • Note: These fees cover access to the Western Group of Temples; other groups may have separate or no charges.
• Photography Charges:
  • Personal photography is generally included in the entry fee.
  • For professional photography or video shooting, special permits and additional fees may be required.
• Guided Tours:
  • Licensed guides are available for hire at the entrance, offering insightful tours for negotiable fees.

Famous Food

• Local and International Cuisine:
  • Bundeli Thali: A platter featuring local dishes like Urad Dal, Aloo Banda, and seasonal vegetables.
  • Khajuraho Kebabs: A vegetarian kebab made with local spices.
  • Desserts: Try Khoya Jalebi and Rabri, famous sweet dishes in the region.
• Dining Options:
  • Numerous restaurants and cafes cater to diverse tastes, offering Indian, Continental, and Chinese cuisines.
  • Street food stalls near the temple complex serve delicious snacks like chaat, samosas, and lassi.
  • Some hotels and resorts offer cultural dinner experiences with traditional music and dance performances.

4. Pawapuri Tirtha

Photography

• Allowed Areas: Photography is generally permitted in most parts of the temple complex, capturing the serene and elegant structures.
• Restricted Areas: As with other religious sites, avoid photographing during prayers and inside the main sanctum unless permitted.
• Tips:
  • The calm waters surrounding some parts of the temple offer beautiful reflection shots.
  • Early morning mist can add a mystical quality to your photographs.
  • Respect the sanctity of the space while capturing images.

Safety Rules

• General Safety:
  • Walk carefully around water bodies and on marble floors which can be slippery.
  • Follow the temple guidelines regarding silence and decorum.
  • Keep personal belongings secure and be mindful of pickpockets in crowded areas.
• Health Precautions:
  • Use mosquito repellent, especially during evening hours.
  • Drink bottled or purified water to stay hydrated and avoid waterborne illnesses.

Entry Fees

• Admission: Entry to Pawapuri Tirtha is free, welcoming all visitors.
• Donations: Contributions are encouraged to support temple activities and maintenance.
• Parking and Amenities:
  • Minimal charges may apply for vehicle parking.
  • Some facilities like cloakrooms or shoe storage may charge nominal fees.

Famous Food

• Local Specialties:
  • Tilkut: A sweet made from sesame seeds and jaggery, popular during winter.
  • Litti Chokha: A traditional dish consisting of wheat balls stuffed with spiced gram flour and served with mashed vegetables.
  • Thekua: A sweet snack made from wheat flour, jaggery, and ghee.
• Dining Facilities:
  • The temple complex may have arrangements for simple, satvik (pure vegetarian) meals for pilgrims.
  • Nearby towns and cities like Jabalpur offer a variety of dining options including regional Madhya Pradesh cuisine and popular Indian dishes.

5. Kundalpur Jain Tirtha

Photography

• Allowed Areas: Visitors can take photographs in most outdoor areas and temple exteriors.
• Restricted Areas: Photography inside the main temples may be restricted; always seek permission from temple authorities.
• Tips:
  • Capture the lush green surroundings that complement the temple architecture.
  • Monsoon season enhances the natural beauty, providing vibrant backdrops for photos.
  • Use respectful discretion when photographing monks and devotees.

Safety Rules

• Terrain Awareness:
  • The temple complex is expansive; wear comfortable shoes for walking.
  • Be cautious during rainy seasons as pathways may become slippery.
• Sanctity and Cleanliness:
  • Observe silence and maintain a respectful demeanor within the temple premises.
  • Dispose of waste responsibly and help keep the sacred site clean.
  • Follow guidelines regarding dress code; modest attire is expected.

Entry Fees

• Admission: There is no entry fee for visiting Kundalpur Jain Tirtha.
• Parking and Services:
  • Nominal charges may apply for parking and use of certain facilities.
  • Donations are appreciated to support temple services and maintenance.

Famous Food

• Regional Delights:
  • Bafla: Wheat dough balls cooked and dipped in ghee, served with daal and chutney.
  • Chakki ki Shaak: A unique dish made from wheat dough and spices.
  • Mawa Bati: A rich sweet similar to gulab jamun but with a stuffing of dry fruits.
• Food Facilities:
  • The temple complex often provides wholesome, vegetarian meals for pilgrims.
  • Nearby towns have eateries serving traditional Madhya Pradesh cuisine along with North Indian dishes.

General Recommendations

Photography Etiquette

• Always ask for permission before photographing individuals, especially monks and local devotees.
• Avoid flash photography in areas where it may be disruptive or harmful to ancient artworks.
• Respect signs indicating restricted areas for photography.

Safety Guidelines

• Stay Informed: Check local weather conditions and temple timings before planning your visit.
• Health Measures: Carry basic first-aid, necessary medications, and hand sanitizers.
• Local Laws and Customs: Be aware of and respect local traditions and regulations.

Entry and Facilities

• Carry Identification: Keep a valid ID proof handy as it may be required at some sites.
• Cash Availability: Carry sufficient cash in small denominations for entry fees, donations, and local purchases, as digital payment facilities may be limited.
• Facilities: Most temples provide basic amenities like restrooms and drinking water; however, its advisable to carry essentials.

Culinary Exploration

• Hygiene: Opt for clean and well-maintained eateries to ensure food safety.
• Local Markets: Explore nearby markets for local snacks, sweets, and fresh produce.
• Cultural Experience: Participating in community meals at temples can provide a deeper cultural and spiritual experience.

Visiting the Jain temples of Madhya Pradesh offers a harmonious blend of spiritual enlightenment, historical appreciation, and cultural immersion. By adhering to the guidelines and embracing the local traditions and flavors, you can ensure a memorable and fulfilling journey.

Enjoy your visit and may you find peace and inspiration in these sacred spaces!