Vellore Fort History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography
Located at
Vellore
Tamil Nadu
Vellore Fort is a large and historically significant fort located in Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Built during the 16th century by the Vijayanagara kings, it stands as a prominent example of military architecture. The fort is noted for its robust structure, built from granite blocks, and the presence of a broad moat that surrounds it, once filled with crocodiles to ward off invaders.
Here are some key features and highlights:
- Architecture and Layout: The fort design is an impressive amalgamation of Dravidian and military architecture. It is built in a circular form, with thick, towering walls and bastions. The massive ramparts and the wide moat added to its strategic advantage.
- Historic Importance: Vellore Fort has witnessed many pivotal moments in Indian history. It was controlled by various rulers, including the Vijayanagara Empire, the Bijapur Sultanate, the Marathas, and eventually the British. It also holds significance for being the site of the Vellore Mutiny in 1806, one of the earliest instances of rebellion against British rule.
- Religious and Cultural Significance:
- Jalakandeswarar Temple: Inside the fort lies the beautiful Jalakandeswarar Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple is known for its intricate carvings and pillars with artistic sculptures.
- Mosque and Church: Vellore Fort also houses a mosque and a church, making it a reflection of religious pluralism over time.
- The Vellore Fort Prison: During the British period, Vellore Fort was also used as a prison for several notable figures, including Tipu Sultan family and the last king of Sri Lanka, Vikrama Rajasinha.
- Tourism: Today, Vellore Fort is a popular tourist destination, with visitors drawn to its historical importance, religious structures, and scenic surroundings.
Vellore Fort remains an enduring symbol of Tamil Nadu rich history and architectural grandeur.
The history of Vellore Fort spans several centuries and involves numerous dynasties, wars, and important events. Here is a breakdown of its key historical phases:
1. Vijayanagara Empire (16th century)
Vellore Fort was built in the early 16th century, around 1566, by Chinna Bommi Nayaka and Thimma Reddy Nayaka, chieftains of the Vijayanagara Empire. The fort was constructed as a military stronghold during the reign of the Sadasiva Raya of the Vijayanagara Dynasty. Its strategic location made it an ideal defensive fortification, especially against invasions from the Deccan Sultanates.
2. Bijapur Sultanate
After the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire following the Battle of Talikota (1565), the fort came under the control of the Bijapur Sultanate. During this time, it was used as a strong military base by the Sultans of Bijapur, who fortified the structure and made modifications to its defense system.
3. Maratha Empire
In the later 17th century, the fort was captured by the Marathas under Shivaji Maharaj in 1676. It remained under Maratha control for several years, during which they strengthened the fort defenses to counter threats from the Mughal Empire and neighboring kingdoms.
4. Mughal and Nawab Rule
During the early 18th century, Vellore Fort fell into the hands of the Mughals. After Aurangzeb death, it became part of the territories governed by the Nawab of Arcot. The Nawabs used it as one of their regional strongholds.
5. British Colonial Rule (18th-19th centuries)
The British East India Company seized Vellore Fort in 1760 after defeating the Nawabs of Arcot during the Carnatic Wars. The fort gained immense importance under British rule and became a key military garrison. It is notable for two significant events during this time:
- Tipu Sultan Family: After the fall of Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore, to the British in 1799, his family was imprisoned in Vellore Fort. The fort became the residence of his sons and other members of his family.
- Vellore Mutiny (1806): Vellore Fort is famous as the site of the first significant uprising against British rule. The Vellore Mutiny, which took place on July 10, 1806, was a precursor to the larger Indian Revolt of 1857. Indian soldiers (sepoys) rebelled against British officers due to grievances related to military regulations and disrespect to Indian cultural practices. Though the mutiny was suppressed quickly, it is an important early event in the history of India struggle against colonialism.
6. Modern Era
Following the 19th century, the fort continued to be used by the British, and later by the Indian government after independence, as a military base. Over time, it transformed into a historical monument and tourist site.
Today, Vellore Fort stands as a testimony to its rich past, reflecting the complex layers of South Indian and colonial history. It is managed by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) and remains a popular heritage site in Tamil Nadu.
Best Time to Visit Vellore Fort
The best time to visit Vellore Fort is during the cooler months, from October to March, when the weather is more pleasant for sightseeing.
- Winter (November to February): Temperatures range from 15°C to 25°C, making it ideal for exploring the fort and other outdoor attractions.
- Monsoon (July to September): Vellore receives moderate rainfall, and while the fort surroundings become lush and green, heavy rains may disrupt outdoor activities.
- Summer (March to June): Summers in Vellore can be hot and dry, with temperatures reaching up to 40°C. If you visit during summer, it is advisable to go early in the morning or late in the evening.
Things to Do at Vellore Fort
- Explore the Forts Architecture: Walk around and admire the thick, granite walls, the imposing bastions, and the wide moat surrounding the fort. The blend of Dravidian and military architecture is a key highlight.
- Visit the Jalakandeswarar Temple: Located inside the fort, this beautiful temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and features intricate carvings and detailed sculptures on its pillars and walls. The temple is an architectural masterpiece, and visiting it offers spiritual and cultural insight.
- Vellore Fort Museum: Explore the museum located within the fort, which houses artifacts related to the fort history and the rulers who controlled it. You can find ancient weapons, sculptures, coins, and other historical items.
- Relax by the Moat: The fort is surrounded by a large, water-filled moat, which was once home to crocodiles. Today, it adds to the scenic beauty of the site, and you can enjoy a leisurely walk around the fort perimeter while admiring the serene surroundings.
- Photography: The fort offers many scenic spots for photography, whether it is capturing the grandeur of the fort walls, the temple architecture, or the lush greenery surrounding the moat.
- Learn about the Vellore Mutiny: While walking around the fort, reflect on its significance as the site of the Vellore Mutiny in 1806, one of the first instances of rebellion against British rule in India. Historical plaques and guides provide insight into this key event.
- Attend Cultural Events: Occasionally, cultural programs and events, such as classical music performances, are held in the fort premises, offering a chance to experience local traditions in a historical setting.
Nearby Attractions
- Sripuram Golden Temple: Located about 10 km from Vellore Fort, this temple is made entirely of gold and is dedicated to Goddess Lakshmi. It is a major pilgrimage and tourist destination known for its stunning golden architecture.
- Amirthi Zoological Park: Around 25 km from the fort, this wildlife park and forest area is a great spot for nature lovers and families. You can explore waterfalls, spot various species of wildlife, and enjoy a picnic in the scenic surroundings.
- Vallimalai Temple: Situated about 16 km from Vellore, this ancient cave temple dedicated to Lord Murugan is located atop a hill and offers stunning views of the landscape. It is also a great destination for trekking.
- St. Johns Church: Located within the fort premises, this 19th-century church built by the British offers a glimpse into the colonial history of the region and is a peaceful spot for visitors.
- Ratnagiri Murugan Temple: This famous temple dedicated to Lord Murugan is located on a small hill, offering a scenic view of the surrounding region. It is about 13 km from Vellore.
- Vellore Government Museum: Another museum located within Vellore city, it showcases exhibits related to the region history, archaeology, and art, including rare artifacts and antique collections.
With its rich history, architectural splendor, and cultural significance, Vellore Fort offers a fascinating journey through time, making it a must-visit destination in Tamil Nadu.
Adventures
- Exploring the Fort: Discover the various sections of the fort, including the massive walls, moat, and the many structures within.
- Trekking: There are several pathways around the fort that allow for trekking and exploration of the nearby hills.
- Photography: Capture the stunning architecture and picturesque landscapes surrounding the fort.
- Bird Watching: The surrounding area is home to various bird species, making it a great spot for bird enthusiasts.
- Historical Exploration: Learn about the history of the fort and the role it played during various dynasties.
Budget
- Entry Fee:
- Indian Nationals: ?20
- Foreign Nationals: ?200
- Parking Fee: ?20 for cars and ?10 for two-wheelers.
- Guide Fee: Hiring a local guide may cost around ?300 to ?500.
Packing Items
- Comfortable Footwear: Essential for walking and exploring the fort.
- Light Clothing: Suitable for warm weather; breathable fabrics are recommended.
- Water Bottle: Important to stay hydrated during your visit.
- Snacks: Carry energy snacks for your exploration.
- Camera: Great for capturing the stunning views and historical structures.
- Sunscreen & Hat: Protect yourself from the sun while outdoors.
- Portable Charger: Handy for keeping your devices charged.
- First Aid Kit: Useful for any minor injuries or health issues.
Hidden Gems
- Jalakandeswarar Temple: Located within the fort, this temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and features beautiful architecture and intricate carvings.
- Moat Area: The area surrounding the moat offers scenic views and is a peaceful spot to relax and enjoy nature.
- Pillared Halls: Explore the lesser-known pillared halls within the fort that are often overlooked by tourists.
Photography at Vellore Fort
Photography is allowed at Vellore Fort, and it is a great spot for capturing historic architecture and scenic views. Here are some tips for photography:
- Best Spots: The moat surrounding the fort, the Jalakandeswarar Temple, the fort bastions, and the various viewpoints from the walls offer excellent photo opportunities.
- Timings: For the best light, visit early in the morning or late afternoon. Golden hour photography is ideal for capturing the beauty of the fort stone structures and natural surroundings.
- Drone Photography: Drone usage might require special permission from local authorities, so inquire beforehand if you plan on using one.
Safety Rules at Vellore Fort
- Mind the Moat: While the moat is a beautiful feature, avoid standing too close to its edge, especially if visiting with children.
- Restricted Areas: Some parts of the fort may be restricted for safety or conservation purposes. Always follow posted signs and respect barriers.
- Climbing on Structures: Avoid climbing on walls, bastions, or other structures as it may be unsafe and could damage the historical site.
- Guides and Guards: Follow the instructions of guides and security personnel to ensure a safe visit.
- Stay Hydrated: Especially in the summer months, carry water with you and wear sun protection, as the fort area can be expansive, and walking in the heat may cause fatigue.
Entry Fees and Timings
- Entry Fees:
- Indian Nationals: Approximately ?25 for adults.
- Foreign Nationals: Around ?300.
- Children (below a certain age) often enter for free or at a discounted rate.
- Timings:
- Open from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM daily.
- The museum inside the fort may have slightly different timings, so check before visiting.
Fees and timings are subject to change, so it is best to confirm them with local authorities before your visit.
Famous Food in Vellore
Vellore offers a blend of Tamil and South Indian cuisine. Here are some must-try dishes:
- Idli & Dosa: Traditional South Indian breakfast items served with coconut chutney and sambar.
- Vellore Biryani: Vellore has its unique style of biryani, less spicy but rich in flavor.
- Parotta with Salna: A local favorite, it consists of a flaky parotta served with a spicy gravy called salna.
- South Indian Thali: A full meal with rice, sambar, rasam, curries, papad, and dessert.
- Jigarthanda: A refreshing sweet drink made from milk, almond gum, sarsaparilla syrup, and ice cream, originally from Madurai but popular in Vellore.
- Filter Coffee: South Indian filter coffee is a must-try, known for its strong flavor and rich aroma.
How to Reach Vellore Fort
By Air
- The nearest airport is Chennai International Airport (130 km away). From Chennai, you can hire a taxi or take a bus/train to Vellore.
- Bangalore International Airport is also an option, about 210 km from Vellore.
By Train
- Vellore Cantonment Railway Station (3 km from the fort) is the nearest railway station. Vellore is well connected to major cities like Chennai, Bangalore, and Hyderabad by rail.
- Katpadi Junction (10 km away) is a major railway station and connects Vellore to cities across India.
By Road
- From Chennai: Vellore is around 130 km from Chennai, and it is a 3-hour drive via the Chennai-Bangalore Highway (NH 48).
- From Bangalore: Vellore is about 210 km from Bangalore, taking approximately 4 hours via NH 44.
- Buses: Regular government and private buses operate from Chennai, Bangalore, and other nearby cities. The Vellore New Bus Stand is about 5 km from the fort.
By Local Transport
- Auto-rickshaws and taxis are readily available in Vellore for local sightseeing.
- Local buses also run from various parts of Vellore to the fort.
Conclusion
Vellore Fort is an accessible and fascinating destination, ideal for history enthusiasts, photographers, and culture seekers alike. With its convenient location, historical significance, and nearby attractions, it makes for an enriching visit.
Restaurants
Vegan/Vegetarian Restaurants
- Anandha Bhavan:
- Offers a wide variety of vegetarian South Indian dishes.
- Must Try: Idli, Dosa, and Thali meals.
- Sree Kannan Restaurant:
- A popular spot for vegetarian meals, known for its local dishes.
- Must Try: Sambar Rice and Ghee Rice.
Non-Vegetarian Restaurants
- Hotel Saravana Bhavan:
- Offers both vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes.
- Must Try: Chicken Biryani and Fish Curry.
- Vellore Palace Restaurant:
- Known for its variety of non-vegetarian dishes.
- Must Try: Mutton Biryani and Chettinad Chicken.
Luxury Hotels
- Vellore Fort Hotel:
- Amenities: Offers modern accommodations, a restaurant, and room service.
- Location: Close to the fort and other attractions.
- Regency Sameera Vellore by GRT Hotels:
- Amenities: Features a spa, fitness center, and multi-cuisine restaurant.
- Location: Approximately 3 km from Vellore Fort.
Affordable Hotels
- Hotel Arunachala:
- Price Range: ?800 - ?1,500 per night.
- Amenities: Basic accommodations with essential facilities.
- Hotel Vellore:
- Price Range: ?600 - ?1,200 per night.
- Features: Budget-friendly hotel with comfortable rooms.
ATMs
- Nearby ATMs: ATMs from major banks like SBI, HDFC, and ICICI are available in Vellore city, making it convenient for visitors.
Medical Facilities
- Government Medical College Hospital, Vellore: A well-equipped government hospital for emergencies.
- Private Hospitals: Several private clinics and hospitals are available in Vellore for urgent medical needs.
Parking
- Fort Parking: Ample parking space is available at the entrance of the fort for visitors.
- Street Parking: Available in nearby areas; follow local regulations for parking.
Conclusion
Vellore Fort offers a rich blend of adventure, history, and natural beauty. With various dining options and accommodations to fit different budgets, it provides a memorable experience for all visitors. Enjoy the exploration of this magnificent fort and the surrounding area, making it a must-visit destination in Tamil Nadu.
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