Allahabad Fort History, Hidden Gems, Best Time to Visit and Photography

The Allahabad Fort is a large fort built by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1583, located on the banks of the Yamuna River near its confluence with the Ganges in Prayagraj (formerly Allahabad), Uttar embodying the grandeur of Mughal architecture.

Architectural Features:

• Layout and Structure: The fort is built in a triangular shape, with three large gateways. It encompasses massive walls and towers, with robust fortifications designed to withstand sieges. The architecture showcases a blend of Islamic and Hindu design elements.
• Ashoka Pillar: One of the most famous features inside the fort is the Ashoka Pillar, which is about 10.6 meters high. This pillar dates back to the 3rd century BCE and bears inscriptions from the reigns of Ashoka, Samudragupta, and Jahangir.
• Saraswati Koop: A well inside the fort, known as Saraswati Koop, is believed to be the source of the mythical Saraswati River, which is one of the three rivers that converge at the Triveni Sangam.
• Patalpuri Temple and Akshaya Vat: Inside the fort is the ancient Patalpuri Temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, and the Akshaya Vat (Indestructible Banyan Tree), which is a revered spot where devotees believe the universe was first created.

Historical Significance:

• Military and Strategic Importance: The fort was strategically important, controlling the routes along the Yamuna and Ganges rivers, making it a key military and trading post during the Mughal period.
• British Era: During the British colonial period, the fort was used as a military garrison and continues to be under the control of the Indian Army today, which limits public access to certain parts of the fort.

Current Status:

• Access: While most of the fort is restricted due to its use by the Indian Army, certain parts like the Ashoka Pillar, Saraswati Koop, Patalpuri Temple, and Akshaya Vat are accessible to the public.

The Allahabad Fort remains a symbol of the architectural prowess of the Mughal Empire and continues to be an important cultural and historical site in India.

The history of Allahabad Fort is rich and spans several centuries, reflecting the layers of India diverse cultural and political heritage.

Pre-Mughal Era

• Ancient Foundations: Before the construction of the Allahabad Fort by Akbar, the site held significant religious and strategic importance due to its location at the Triveni Sangam, the confluence of the Ganges, Yamuna, and the mythical Saraswati rivers. The area around the Sangam was considered sacred in Hindu tradition and was a site of pilgrimage long before the arrival of the Mughals.

Mughal Era

• Construction by Akbar (1583): The current structure of the fort was built by the Mughal Emperor Akbar in 1583, during a period when the Mughal Empire was expanding its territories across North India. The fort was part of Akbar broader strategy to consolidate his empire control over key trade routes and river confluences. Akbar named the fort Ilahabas, which means Blessed by God, and this name eventually evolved into Allahabad.
• Architectural Marvel: Akbar fort was an impressive example of Mughal military architecture, designed to serve both as a military stronghold and a center of governance. The fort design includes massive walls, large gateways, and towers, reflecting the Mughal emphasis on grandeur and power. The inclusion of the Ashoka Pillar, an ancient Mauryan artifact, within the fort grounds was symbolic of Akbar+9 desire to link his rule with India ancient imperial past.
• Role in the Mughal Empire: The fort played a crucial role as a military and administrative center during the Mughal period. It was strategically located at the confluence of the Ganges and Yamuna, making it a vital point for controlling riverine trade and movement. The fort was also used by Akbar and subsequent Mughal emperors as a residence during their travels.

British Colonial Era

• British Takeover (1801): In the early 19th century, after the decline of the Mughal Empire, the fort came under British control. The British East India Company took over the fort in 1801 after the Treaty of Allahabad, which marked the beginning of British political dominance in Northern India. Under British rule, the fort was used primarily as a military garrison.
• Indian Rebellion of 1857: The fort played a significant role during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. It was one of the key strongholds for the British in Northern India, helping them maintain control during the early stages of the uprising. After the rebellion, the British further fortified the fort and it continued to serve as a military base throughout the colonial period.

Post-Independence

• Indian Army Control: After India gained independence in 1947, the fort was handed over to the Indian Army. It continues to be a significant military installation, with most of the fort areas being restricted to the public. However, certain historically important sections, such as the Ashoka Pillar and the Patalpuri Temple, remain accessible to visitors.
• Cultural and Religious Significance: Despite its military use, the fort remains an important cultural and religious site, especially during the Kumbh Mela, when millions of pilgrims visit the Triveni Sangam. The fort location at this confluence enhances its importance as a sacred site in Hinduism.

Legacy

• Symbol of Mughal Power: Allahabad Fort stands as a testament to the architectural and strategic genius of Akbar and the power of the Mughal Empire. It symbolizes the blending of India ancient heritage with the medieval Islamic influence that characterized the Mughal era.
• Historical Monument: Today, while much of the fort is off-limits, the parts that are open to the public serve as a reminder of the complex history of India, marked by the rise and fall of empires and the enduring significance of the Sangam. The fort is recognized as a site of national importance and continues to attract historians, tourists, and pilgrims alike.

Best Time to Visit Allahabad Fort

The ideal time to visit the Allahabad Fort and Prayagraj is during the winter months, from October to March. The weather during this time is cool and pleasant, with temperatures ranging from 12°C to 25°C (54°F to 77°F), making it comfortable for sightseeing.

• Kumbh Mela Period: If you are planning a spiritual trip, visiting during the Kumbh Mela or Ardh Kumbh Mela (held every 12 and 6 years, respectively) is ideal, as it is one of the largest religious gatherings in the world, held at the confluence of the Ganges, Yamuna, and Saraswati rivers near the fort.

Things to Do Near Allahabad Fort

1. Explore the Fort Historical Sections:
   • Ashoka Pillar: Visit the ancient Ashoka Pillar within the fort, which dates back to the 3rd century BCE and has inscriptions from the Maurya, Gupta, and Mughal periods.
   • Saraswati Koop: Check out this well, believed to be the source of the mythical Saraswati River.
   • Patalpuri Temple: The underground Patalpuri Temple, housed inside the fort, is a revered Hindu shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva.
   • Akshaya Vat (Indestructible Banyan Tree): Said to be eternal, this sacred banyan tree is highly significant in Hindu mythology.
2. Visit the Triveni Sangam: Just outside the fort, the Triveni Sangam is where the Ganges, Yamuna, and the mythical Saraswati rivers meet. It is a spiritually significant site, especially during major Hindu festivals such as the Kumbh Mela. You can take a boat ride to the exact point of the confluence.
3. Take a Boat Ride: Enjoy a boat ride on the Ganges and Yamuna rivers. During this ride, you can witness the fort grandeur from the river and also experience the tranquility of the Sangam.
4. Attend Religious Ceremonies: Participate in the Ganga Aarti, a spiritual and cultural experience, usually performed in the evenings on the banks of the Ganges near the Sangam.
5. Photography and Birdwatching: The area around the fort, especially near the river, is great for photography and birdwatching. During the migratory season (November to February), you may spot a variety of birds at the Sangam.
6. Visit Nearby Temples: Prayagraj is home to several important temples, such as:
   • Hanuman Mandir: Famous for its large reclining idol of Hanuman.
   • Alopi Devi Temple: A unique temple without a deity idol, where the power or energy is worshipped.
7. Explore Anand Bhavan and Swaraj Bhavan: Anand Bhavan, the ancestral home of the Nehru family, has now been turned into a museum dedicated to India freedom struggle. Adjacent to it is Swaraj Bhavan, where Indira Gandhi was born, now a center for cultural activities.

Nearby Attractions

1. Khusro Bagh: A beautiful Mughal garden and historical site, Khusro Bagh contains the tombs of Prince Khusro, the eldest son of Emperor Jahangir, his mother, and his sister. The architecture of the tombs is stunning, and the gardens provide a peaceful place to relax.
2. Allahabad Museum: This museum is located in Chandrashekhar Azad Park and showcases a vast collection of sculptures, paintings, and artifacts from ancient, medieval, and modern Indian history.
3. Chandrashekhar Azad Park: Also known as Alfred Park, this large green space is a great place for a relaxed afternoon. The park is famous as the site where freedom fighter Chandrashekhar Azad made his last stand against the British police in 1931.
4. All Saints Cathedral: This majestic Anglican church, built during the British Raj in Gothic Revival style, is one of the finest examples of colonial architecture in India.
5. New Yamuna Bridge: This modern cable-stayed bridge provides a spectacular view of the Yamuna River and is a popular spot for photographers, especially during sunset.

Festivals and Special Events

• Kumbh Mela (Every 12 years): The worlds largest religious festival, held at the Sangam, attracts millions of pilgrims from all over the world.
• Magh Mela (Annual): A smaller version of the Kumbh Mela, held every year in January-February, is an excellent time to experience the spiritual atmosphere at the Sangam.

Visiting during festivals adds a spiritual and cultural richness to the experience of Allahabad Fort and Prayagraj.

Adventures

1. Exploration of the Fort: Wander through the vast fort complex, admiring its architecture and historical artifacts.
2. Riverside Activities: Enjoy boating and leisurely walks along the Ganges and Yamuna rivers.
3. Bird Watching: The confluence area is rich in birdlife, making it a great spot for birdwatching.
4. Heritage Tours: Participate in guided tours that provide insights into the forts history and significance.

Budget

• Entry Fee:
  • Indian Nationals: ?20
  • Foreign Nationals: ?100
• Camera Fee: Generally free for still cameras; additional charges may apply for professional equipment.
• Boating Charges: Around ?50-?100, depending on the duration and type of boat.
• Guided Tours: Hiring a local guide can cost between ?200 and ?800.

Packing Items

• Comfortable Footwear: Essential for exploring the fort and surrounding areas.
• Light Clothing: Wear breathable fabrics, especially in summer.
• Water Bottle: Keep hydrated while walking around the fort.
• Sunscreen & Hat: Protect against the sun, particularly during midday.
• Camera: Important for capturing the forts beauty and scenic views.
• Portable Charger: Keep your devices charged for photos and navigation.
• First Aid Kit: Bring basic medical supplies for minor issues.

Hidden Gems

1. Ashoka Pillar: A significant historical artifact located inside the fort, which dates back to the 3rd century BCE.
2. Temples: Inside the fort, there are several lesser-known temples that provide a serene atmosphere for visitors.
3. River Confluence Viewpoints: The views from certain vantage points within the fort offer breathtaking views of the confluence of the three rivers.

Photography at Allahabad Fort

• Allowed Areas: Photography is generally allowed in the accessible parts of the fort, such as around the Ashoka Pillar, Patalpuri Temple, and Akshaya Vat. Visitors often take scenic shots of the forts architecture, the nearby Triveni Sangam, and the surrounding areas.
• Restricted Areas: Since a significant portion of the fort is controlled by the Indian Army, photography is strictly prohibited in restricted military areas. Ensure you are aware of signs indicating where cameras are not allowed.

Safety Rules

• Restricted Access: Many parts of the fort are closed to the public due to military use, so respect the restricted zones and avoid entering them.
• Respect Religious Sites: Patalpuri Temple and the Akshaya Vat are sacred religious sites; visitors should maintain decorum and follow temple protocols.
• Keep Valuables Safe: Like many popular tourist spots, it wise to be mindful of your belongings, especially in crowded areas.
• Boating Safety: If you take a boat ride at the Sangam, ensure the boat is in good condition and follow the safety instructions provided by the boatman.

Entry Fees

• Entry Fee: There is no entry fee for visiting Allahabad Fort, as the public can only access certain areas (e.g., Ashoka Pillar, Patalpuri Temple) that do not require tickets.
• Boating Charges: If you want to take a boat ride to the Triveni Sangam, prices typically range from ?50 to ?300 depending on the type of boat and the distance covered.

Famous Food in Prayagraj (Allahabad)

Prayagraj is known for its diverse and delicious street food, reflecting both Mughal and North Indian influences.

1. Chaat: Famous for its tangy and spicy flavors, the local chaats like Aloo Tikki, Papri Chaat, and Dahi Bhalla are must-try.
2. Kachori Sabzi: A popular breakfast item, served with spicy potato curry.
3. Lassi: A refreshing yogurt-based drink that is widely available and perfect for cooling off after sightseeing.
4. Jalebi: A popular sweet dish made from deep-fried batter soaked in syrup. Often enjoyed with curd or rabri.
5. Allahabadi Tehri (Vegetable Pulao): A special local dish, made with rice and a variety of vegetables.
6. Kulfi: Creamy, frozen dessert that available in many flavors like saffron, pistachio, and rose.

For a local dining experience, you can visit the famous food joints such as Eat On, Netram Chaat Bhandar, or El Chico for a combination of street food and traditional dishes.

Restaurants

Vegan/Vegetarian Restaurants

1. Baba Biryani: Offers a variety of vegetarian dishes along with biryanis.
   • Must Try: Paneer Tikka, Biryani, and various Indian breads.
2. Mohan Bhog: A popular vegetarian eatery known for its thalis and snacks.
   • Must Try: Thali, Chaat, and Dhokla.

Non-Vegetarian Restaurants

1. Nawabs Kitchen: Known for its Mughlai and Awadhi cuisine.
   • Must Try: Chicken Biryani, Kebabs, and Nihari.
2. Tandoori Nights: Offers a mix of North Indian and Mughlai dishes in a casual dining setting.
   • Must Try: Tandoori Chicken, Butter Chicken, and Roti.